Table 2 Reliability coefficients of 14 clinical examinations (n = 16)
From: A diagnostic tool for people with lumbar instability: a criterion-related validity study
Clinical tests | Percent agreement | Kappa (95%CI) | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
1. Total trunk extension > 26° | 100 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | Excellent |
2. Lumbar flexion > 53° | 100 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | Excellent |
3. Average SLR > 91° | 100 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | Excellent |
4. Beighton’s scale | 100 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | Excellent |
5. PPIVMs (flexion) | 75.00 | 0.50 (0.02 to 0.98) | Moderate |
6. PPIVMs (extension) | 91.67 | 0.83 (0.53 to 1.00) | Excellent |
7. PAIVMs | 88.33 | 0.67 (0.25 to 1.00) | Good |
8. Passive lumbar extension | 88.33 | 0.56 (0.01 to 1.00) | Moderate |
9. Painful catch sign | 91.67 | 0.63 (−0.03 to 1.00) | Good |
10. Posterior shear test | 91.67 | 0.63 (−0.03 to 1.00) | Good |
11. Prone instability test | 91.67 | 0.82 (0.50 to 1.00) | Excellent |
12. Aberrant motion test | 83.33 | 0.56 (0.01 to 1.00) | Moderate |
13. Interspinous gap change | 83.33 | 0.63 (0.16 to 1.00) | Good |
14. Sit to stand | 100 | 1.00 (1.00 to 1.00) | Excellent |