Table 2 Fracture characteristics for the cohort, by age and sex
Age | 18-40yrs | 41-50yrs | 51-65yrs | 66-80yrs | 81+yrs | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female |
Cohort size | 60,078 (67.8%) | 28,525 (32.2%) | 20,171 (57.8%) | 14,749 (42.2%) | 28,273 (40.1%) | 42,219 (59.9%) | 14,089 (31%) | 31,419 (69%) | 6,577 (24.5%) | 20,224 (75.5%) |
Fracture Characteristics, N (%) | ||||||||||
Fracture region | ||||||||||
> 1 region | 1,579 (2.6%) | 738 (2.6%) | 588 (2.9%) | 406 (2.8%) | 921 (3.3%) | 1,487 (3.5%) | 437 (3.1%) | 1,299 (4.1%) | 234 (3.6%) | 1,008 (5.0%) |
Shoulder | 6,284 (10.5%) | 2,163 (7.6%) | 3,039 (15.1%) | 1,708 (11.6%) | 5,494 (19.4%) | 7,805 (18.5%) | 3,808 (27.0%) | 8,651 (27.5%) | 2,510 (38.2%) | 7,120 (35.2%) |
Elbow | 5,325 (8.9%) | 4,449 (15.6%) | 2,018 (10.0%) | 2,473 (16.8%) | 2,956 (10.5%) | 6,696 (15.9%) | 1,633 (11.6%) | 4,053 (12.9%) | 798 (12.1%) | 2,586 (12.8%) |
Forearm & Wrist | 11,615 (19.3%) | 8,811 (30.9%) | 4,559 (22.6%) | 5,281 (35.8%) | 7,288 (25.8%) | 18,347 (43.5%) | 4,003 (28.4%) | 13,363 (42.5%) | 1,772 (26.9%) | 7,346 (36.3%) |
Hand | 35,275 (58.7%) | 12,364 (43.3%) | 9,967 (49.4%) | 4,881 (33.1%) | 11,614 (41.1%) | 7,884 (18.7%) | 4,208 (29.9%) | 4,053 (12.9%) | 1,263 (19.2%) | 2,164 (10.7%) |
Fracture Types | ||||||||||
Multiple shoulder | 418 (0.7%) | 148 (0.5%) | 244 (1.2%) | 131 (0.9%) | 480 (1.7%) | 630 (1.5%) | 339 (2.4%) | 755 (2.4%) | 247 (3.8%) | 661 (3.3%) |
Clavicle | 4,241 (7.1%) | 1,137 (4.0%) | 1,685 (8.4%) | 499 (3.4%) | 2,308 (8.2%) | 1,339 (3.2%) | 1,081 (7.7%) | 1,051 (3.3%) | 650 (9.9%) | 1,130 (5.6%) |
Scapula | 577 (1.0%) | 151 (0.5%) | 338 (1.7%) | 96 (0.7%) | 711 (2.5%) | 284 (0.7%) | 374 (2.7%) | 286 (0.9%) | 190 (2.9%) | 248 (1.2%) |
Proximal Humerus | 677 (1.1%) | 487 (1.7%) | 586 (2.9%) | 773 (5.2%) | 1,569 (5.5%) | 4,719 (11.2%) | 1,644 (11.7%) | 5,639 (17.9%) | 1,203 (18.3%) | 4,468 (22.1%) |
Humerus, shaft | 251 (0.4%) | 155 (0.5%) | 118 (0.6%) | 120 (0.8%) | 257 (0.9%) | 414 (1.0%) | 196 (1.4%) | 458 (1.5%) | 111 (1.7%) | 316 (1.6%) |
Humerus, unspecified | 120 (0.2%) | 85 (0.3%) | 68 (0.3%) | 89 (0.6%) | 169 (0.6%) | 419 (1.0%) | 174 (1.2%) | 462 (1.5%) | 109 (1.7%) | 297 (1.5%) |
Radius Head | 2,855 (4.8%) | 2,622 (9.2%) | 940 (4.7%) | 1,343 (9.1%) | 1,084 (3.8%) | 3,031 (7.2%) | 481 (3.4%) | 1,090 (3.5%) | 184 (2.8%) | 304 (1.5%) |
Distal Humerus | 314 (0.5%) | 286 (1.0%) | 97 (0.5%) | 126 (0.9%) | 231 (0.8%) | 413 (1.0%) | 219 (1.6%) | 439 (1.4%) | 168 (2.6%) | 445 (2.2%) |
Olecranon | 525 (0.9%) | 288 (1.0%) | 285 (1.4%) | 190 (1.3%) | 489 (1.7%) | 518 (1.2%) | 311 (2.2%) | 438 (1.4%) | 160 (2.4%) | 503 (2.5%) |
Coranoid | 164 (0.3%) | 83 (0.3%) | 88 (0.4%) | 69 (0.5%) | 101 (0.4%) | 121 (0.3%) | 26 (0.2%) | 40 (0.1%) | 8 (0.1%) | 14 (0.1%) |
Monteggia | 9 (0.0%) | 12 (0.0%) | 6 (0.0%) | <=5 | 8 (0.0%) | 8 (0.0%) | <=5 | <=5 | <=5 | <=5 |
Multiple forearm | 1,280 (2.1%) | 933 (3.3%) | 511 (2.5%) | 492 (3.3%) | 787 (2.8%) | 1,723 (4.1%) | 424 (3.0%) | 1,278 (4.1%) | 201 (3.1%) | 743 (3.7%) |
Distal Radius | 3,632 (6.0%) | 4,017 (14.1%) | 2,086 (10.3%) | 3,072 (20.8%) | 3,759 (13.3%) | 12,615 (29.9%) | 2,203 (15.6%) | 9,671 (30.8%) | 991 (15.1%) | 5,361 (26.5%) |
Scaphoid | 3,840 (6.4%) | 2,536 (8.9%) | 877 (4.3%) | 977 (6.6%) | 1,087 (3.8%) | 1,804 (4.3%) | 533 (3.8%) | 1,005 (3.2%) | 240 (3.6%) | 380 (1.9%) |
Multiple Radius and Ulna | 1,458 (2.4%) | 1,158 (4.1%) | 602 (3.0%) | 744 (5.0%) | 1,043 (3.7%) | 2,605 (6.2%) | 595 (4.2%) | 2,043 (6.5%) | 277 (4.2%) | 1,319 (6.5%) |
Ulnar Shaft | 407 (0.7%) | 210 (0.7%) | 161 (0.8%) | 90 (0.6%) | 187 (0.7%) | 178 (0.4%) | 97 (0.7%) | 134 (0.4%) | 38 (0.6%) | 103 (0.5%) |
Radius Shaft | 110 (0.2%) | 50 (0.2%) | 46 (0.2%) | 36 (0.2%) | 45 (0.2%) | 64 (0.2%) | 20 (0.1%) | 43 (0.1%) | 12 (0.2%) | 23 (0.1%) |
Ulna and Radial shaft | 90 (0.1%) | 64 (0.2%) | 20 (0.1%) | 17 (0.1%) | 22 (0.1%) | 30 (0.1%) | 13 (0.1%) | 38 (0.1%) | 6 (0.1%) | 21 (0.1%) |
Wrist & Hand | 1,077 (1.8%) | 595 (2.1%) | 382 (1.9%) | 335 (2.3%) | 527 (1.9%) | 1,169 (2.8%) | 328 (2.3%) | 830 (2.6%) | 157 (2.4%) | 567 (2.8%) |
Other carpal | 1,179 (2.0%) | 406 (1.4%) | 476 (2.4%) | 262 (1.8%) | 874 (3.1%) | 764 (1.8%) | 385 (2.7%) | 364 (1.2%) | 127 (1.9%) | 148 (0.7%) |
D1 MC | 927 (1.5%) | 171 (0.6%) | 194 (1.0%) | 85 (0.6%) | 219 (0.8%) | 178 (0.4%) | 94 (0.7%) | 100 (0.3%) | 36 (0.5%) | 67 (0.3%) |
D2-D5 MC | 15,533 (25.9%) | 3,819 (13.4%) | 2,724 (13.5%) | 1,147 (7.8%) | 2,160 (7.6%) | 2,011 (4.8%) | 760 (5.4%) | 1,332 (4.2%) | 300 (4.6%) | 676 (3.3%) |
Multiple metacarpal | 1,124 (1.9%) | 201 (0.7%) | 198 (1.0%) | 58 (0.4%) | 160 (0.6%) | 126 (0.3%) | 65 (0.5%) | 111 (0.4%) | 34 (0.5%) | 89 (0.4%) |
Proximal Phalanx | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) | 385 (1.9%) | 214 (1.5%) | 455 (1.6%) | 417 (1.0%) | 172 (1.2%) | 203 (0.6%) | 52 (0.8%) | 121 (0.6%) |
Distal Phalanx | 7,580 (12.6%) | 2,760 (9.7%) | 3,341 (16.6%) | 1,266 (8.6%) | 4,521 (16.0%) | 1,933 (4.6%) | 1,580 (11.2%) | 754 (2.4%) | 324 (4.9%) | 348 (1.7%) |
Phalanx, Other | 7,470 (12.4%) | 4,480 (15.7%) | 2,600 (12.9%) | 1,910 (13.0%) | 3,267 (11.6%) | 2,836 (6.7%) | 1,180 (8.4%) | 1,346 (4.3%) | 413 (6.3%) | 709 (3.5%) |
Multiple Finger | 1,448 (2.4%) | 444 (1.6%) | 525 (2.6%) | 201 (1.4%) | 832 (2.9%) | 383 (0.9%) | 357 (2.5%) | 207 (0.7%) | 104 (1.6%) | 154 (0.8%) |
Open fracture | 3,302 (5.5%) | 669 (2.3%) | 1,840 (9.1%) | 398 (2.7%) | 3,072 (10.9%) | 821 (1.9%) | 1,278 (9.1%) | 540 (1.7%) | 244 (3.7%) | 362 (1.8%) |
Concurrent nerve injury | 190 (0.3%) | 62 (0.2%) | 107 (0.5%) | 34 (0.2%) | 180 (0.6%) | 59 (0.1%) | 74 (0.5%) | 30 (0.1%) | 14 (0.2%) | 16 (0.1%) |
Upper arm, major | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) | <=5 | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Upper arm, minor | 17 (0.0%) | 16 (0.1%) | 7 (0.0%) | 6 (0.0%) | 9 (0.0%) | 14 (0.0%) | <=5 | <=5 | <=5 | <=5 |
Forearm, major | 10 (0.0%) | <=5 | <=5 | <=5 | 12 (0.0%) | <=5 | 6 (0.0%) | <=5 | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) |
Forearm, minor | 33 (0.1%) | 22 (0.1%) | 11 (0.1%) | 8 (0.1%) | 19 (0.1%) | 14 (0.0%) | 7 (0.0%) | 15 (0.0%) | <=5 | 9 (0.0%) |
Hand, major | 25 (0.0%) | <=5 | 14 (0.1%) | <=5 | 27 (0.1%) | <=5 | 12 (0.1%) | <=5 | <=5 | 0 (0.0%) |
Hand, minor | 114 (0.2%) | 22 (0.1%) | 78 (0.4%) | 16 (0.1%) | 128 (0.5%) | 29 (0.1%) | 54 (0.4%) | 8 (0.0%) | 10 (0.2%) | <=5 |
Concurrent tendon injury | 432 (0.7%) | 93 (0.3%) | 221 (1.1%) | 54 (0.4%) | 419 (1.5%) | 76 (0.2%) | 157 (1.1%) | 28 (0.1%) | 22 (0.3%) | 12 (0.1%) |
Inpatient admission | 2,221 (3.7%) | 930 (3.3%) | 1,143 (5.7%) | 567 (3.8%) | 2,283 (8.1%) | 2,113 (5.0%) | 1,685 (12.0%) | 3,362 (10.7%) | 1,355 (20.6%) | 4,597 (22.7%) |
Season injured | ||||||||||
Jan-March | 13,266 (22.1%) | 7,488 (26.3%) | 4,669 (23.1%) | 4,100 (27.8%) | 6,582 (23.3%) | 12,146 (28.8%) | 3,402 (24.1%) | 7,829 (24.9%) | 1,542 (23.4%) | 4,631 (22.9%) |
April-Jun | 15,608 (26.0%) | 6,904 (24.2%) | 5,020 (24.9%) | 3,299 (22.4%) | 6,767 (23.9%) | 9,411 (22.3%) | 3,327 (23.6%) | 7,497 (23.9%) | 1,551 (23.6%) | 5,096 (25.2%) |
July-Sept | 17,735 (29.5%) | 7,828 (27.4%) | 5,815 (28.8%) | 3,882 (26.3%) | 7,953 (28.1%) | 10,383 (24.6%) | 3,703 (26.3%) | 8,062 (25.7%) | 1,751 (26.6%) | 5,384 (26.6%) |
Oct-Dec | 13,469 (22.4%) | 6,305 (22.1%) | 4,667 (23.1%) | 3,468 (23.5%) | 6,971 (24.7%) | 10,279 (24.3%) | 3,657 (26.0%) | 8,031 (25.6%) | 1,733 (26.3%) | 5,113 (25.3%) |