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Table 3 Treatment options and clinical outcomes of Septic Arthritis of Hip

From: Management of septic arthritis of the hip joint in adults. A systematic review of the literature

First author, year, Nation

No Hips

Treatment

One stage vs two stage vs arthroscopy

Duration antibiotic treatment

Outcome

(infection eradication rate)

Treatment failure

Anagnostakos et al. 2016 [11] (Germany)

22

Two stage

6 weeks

First stage 87%

Second stage 100%

Girdlestone

Bauer et al. 2010 [12] (France)

22

Two stage (62%)

One stage (38%)

80 days

85%

100%

 

Chen et al. 2008 [13] (China)

28

Two stage

(Gilderstone+THA)

4–6 weeks + 28 days (following arthroplasty)

86%

N.A.

Cho et al. 2018 [14] (South Korea)

10

Two stage

Positive culture: IV specific antibiotic.

Negative culture: IV empirical 3 weeks therapy + oral

100%

N.A.

Choe et al. 2015 [15] (Japan)

27

Two stage

until the serum CRP decreased to less than

1 mg/dl or for maximum of 3 months.

100%

N.A.

El Ganzoury et al. 2015 [16] (Egypt)

23

Two stage

6 weeks intravenous

90%

Repeat spacer

Ferrand et al. 2016 [17] (France)

12

Arthroscopy (8%)

Arthrotomy/washout (52%)

8 days intravenous and 52.5 oral.

N.A.

N.A.

Fleck et al. 2011 [18] (USA)

14

Two stage (10/14)

6 weeks

92.8% after one spacer

100% after two spacers

N.A.

Flores-Robles et al. 2019 [3] (Spain)

7

Two groups: one treated with initial medical therapy and one with initial surgical therapy:

Arthroscopy

Arthrotomy

30 days

N.A.

Surgery (at least 1 arthroscopy or arthrotomy) following failure of medical therapy

Fukushima et al. 2021 [19] (Japan)

5

Arthroscopy

3 weeks intravenous + 3 months oral

100%

N.A.

Gao et al. 2010 [20] (China)

19

One stage

Intraoperative

100%

N.A.

Huang et al. 2010 [26] (Taiwan)

15

Two stage

1 week intravenous

93.4%

Only 1 patient (6.6%) failure attributed to an

immunocompromised

status due to alcoholism

and heroin abuse)

Second attempt: 100%

Additional debridement with reinsertion of a new spacer and a second 7- day course of intravenous antibiotic therapy before THA.

Hunter et al. 2015 [5] (USA)

3

Open debridement (68%)

Arthroscopy (32%)

3 to 12 weeks of oral or intravenous

therapy, determined by infectious disease consultants

62%

additional

surgical

debridement

Kaminski et al. 2007 [21] (Germany)

5

fenestration Arthroscopy

4 weeks

100%

N.A.

Kao et al. 2019 [1] (Taiwan)

51

One stage 53%

Two stage 27%

85 days

74% resection arthroplasty (one stage)

92.9% revision THA (two stages)

Surgical debridement for 5 patient with recurrent hip infections within 2 years after surgery.

Khazi et al. 2020 [22] (USA)

421

Arthroscopy (8%)

Arthrotomy (92%)

N.A.

100%

N.A.

Kim et al. 2003 [23] (South Korea)

170

One stage

N.A.

99.5%

N.A.

Kim et al. 2009 [4] (South Korea)

62

One stage

2 days (primary THA)

98%

Revision surgery

Kim et al. 2018 [24] (South Korea)

7

Arthroscopy

4–6 weeks if negative culture

4–7 weeks specific if positive culture

100%

N.A.

Kunze et al. 2020 [25] (USA)

12

Two stage

Intravenous for 6 weeks

91.7%

Spacer

exchange

Lee et al. 2014 [27] (South Korea)

9

Arthroscopy

4–6 weeks

88.8% after first arthroscopy

100% after second arthroscopy

N.A.

Li et al. 2016 [28] (China)

9

Two stage

44% spacer implantation

56% debridement

> 12 months after the first operation.

100%

N.A.

Lustig et al. 2007 [29] (France)

17

One stage

N.A.

94%

N.A.

Nusem et al. 2006 [30] (Australia)

6

Arthroscopy

3 weeks intravenous + 3 weeks oral

100%

N.A.

Ohtsuru et al. 2016 [31] (Japan)

15

Arthroscopy, debridement, resection arthroplasty, spacer;

4 weeks intravenous + 2 weeks oral

66.7%

musculocutaneous flap transposition

Papanna et al. 2017 [32] (UK)

18

Two stage 61%

One stage 39%

N.A.

100%

100%

N.A.

Park et al. 2005 [33] (South Korea)

75

One stage

N.A.

98.7%

Girdlestone

Romanò et al. 2012 [41] (Italy)

20

Two stage

4–6 weeks

95%

N.A.

Russo et al. 2021 [35] (Italy)

25

Two stage

2 weeks intravenous + 4 weeks oral/ targeted intravenous

100%

N.A.

Schroder et al. 2016 [36] (Germany)

7

Arthroscopy

4 weeks

100%

N.A.

Shen et al. 2013 [37] (China)

5

Two stage

6 weeks

100%

N.A.

Xu et al. 2019 [38] (China)

55

Two Stage

>  4 weeks

93%

N.A.

Yamamoto et al. 2001 [39] (Japan)

4

Arthroscopy

2 weeks oral

100%

N.A.

Yoo et al. 2009 [40] (South Korea)

38

One stage

N.A.

97%

N.A.

  1. N.A. Not Available