Table 1 Individual characteristics of the study population (n = 14,331, missings n = 0)
Gender | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | Total | ||||
61.6% (n = 8828) | 38.4% (n = 5503) | 100% (n = 14,331) | ||||
Age in years | ||||||
• Mean | 46.2 | 47.5 | 46.7 | |||
• SD | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.2 | |||
• Median | 48 | 50 | 49 | |||
Actual weekly working hours in h/week | ||||||
• Mean | 44.8 | 42.3 | 43.8 | |||
• SD | 7.8 | 7.0 | 7.6 | |||
• Median | 42 | 40 | 40 | |||
WLPSY | ||||||
• Mean | 39.1 | 38.5 | 38.9 | |||
• SD | 11.9 | 11.7 | 11.8 | |||
• Median | 37.7 | 37.2 | 37.4 | |||
Manual lifting of heavy loads | n | col% | n | col% | n | col% |
• Never | 3884 | 44.0 | 2877 | 52.3 | 6761 | 47.2 |
• Rarely | 2227 | 25.2 | 1033 | 18.8 | 3260 | 22.7 |
• Sometimes | 1133 | 12.8 | 672 | 12.2 | 1805 | 12.6 |
• Often | 1584 | 17.9a | 921 | 16.7 | 2505 | 17.5 |
Low back pain in the last 12 months | ||||||
• Yes | 3613 | 40.9 | 2681 | 48.7 | 6294 | 43.9 |
• No | 5215 | 59.1 | 2822 | 51.3 | 8037 | 56.1 |
Standing | ||||||
• Never | 1081 | 12.2 | 885 | 16.1 | 1966 | 13.7 |
• Rarely | 1983 | 22.5 | 1167 | 21.2 | 3150 | 22.0 |
• Sometimes | 1782 | 20.2 | 1047 | 19.0 | 2829 | 19.7 |
• Often | 3982 | 45.1 | 2404 | 43.7 | 6386 | 44.6 |
Sitting | ||||||
• Never | 1168 | 13.2 | 821 | 14.9 | 1989 | 13.9 |
• Rarely | 1037 | 11.7 | 536 | 9.7 | 1573 | 11.0 |
• Sometimes | 999 | 11.3 | 598 | 10.9 | 1597 | 11.1 |
• Often | 5624 | 63.7a | 3548 | 64.5 | 9172 | 64.0 |
Bending | ||||||
• Yes | 781 | 8.8 | 468 | 8.5 | 1249 | 8,7 |
• No | 8047 | 91.2 | 5035 | 91.5 | 13,082 | 91,3 |
Kneeling | ||||||
• Yes | 7996 | 90.6 | 5063 | 92.0 | 13,059 | 91.1 |
• No | 832 | 9.4 | 440 | 8.0 | 1272 | 8.9 |
Working overhead | ||||||
• Yes | 8274 | 93.7 | 5338 | 97.0 | 13,612 | 95.0 |
• No | 554 | 6.3 | 165 | 3.0 | 719 | 5.0 |
Sometimes working in awkward postures | ||||||
• Yes | 1567 | 17.8 | 657 | 11.9 | 2224 | 15.5 |
• No | 7261 | 82.2 | 4846 | 88.1 | 12,107 | 84.5 |
Rarely working in awkward postures | ||||||
• Yes | 1293 | 14.6 | 590 | 10.7 | 1883 | 13.1 |
• No | 7535 | 85.4 | 4913 | 89.3 | 12,448 | 86.9 |
Climatic factors | ||||||
• Never | 4286 | 48.6 | 3611 | 65.6 | 7897 | 55.1 |
• Rarely | 1301 | 14.7 | 594 | 10.8 | 1895 | 13.2 |
• Sometimes | 1481 | 16.8 | 707 | 12.8 | 2188 | 15.3 |
• Often | 1760 | 19.9 | 591 | 10.7a | 2351 | 16.4 |