Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study groups

BMI, kg/m²

30.70 ± 4.85

30.73 ± 4.72

0.998

minJSW

3.88 ± 1.01

3.78 ± 1.32

0.16

Age, yr

60.69 ± 9.04

62.42 ± 8.65

0.017

WOMADL

8.32 ± 10.85

9.00 ± 10.43

0.226

WOMKP

11.82 ± 15.30

12.36 ± 15.95

0.513

KL grade, n (%)

0.002

 1

37 (12.21 %)

38 (12.79 %)

 2

175 (57.76 %)

131 (44.11 %)

 3

91 (30.03 %)

128 (43.10 %)

Female sex, n (%)

197 (65.02 %)

156 (52.53 %)

0.002

Race, n (%)

0.691

 0: Other Non-white

6 (1.48 %)

5 (2.58 %)

 1: White

320 (78.82 %)

155 (79.90 %)

 2: White or Caucasian

77 (18.97 %)

32 (16.49 %)

 3: Aian

3 (0.74 %)

2 (1.03 %)

Baseline bone shape

 Femur OA Vector

0.50 ± 2.60

0.01 ± 2.58

< 0.001

 Tibia OA Vector

-0.03 ± 1.15

-0.34 ± 1.25

0.002

 Patella OA Vector

0.01 ± 1.57

-0.56 ± 1.74

< 0.001