Fig. 6

Illustrations show the VTT involving TELE to treat the very highly up-migrated lumbar disc herniation above L5 (A) The ventral part of SAP of the inferior vertebra which will be partially resected. (B) Full-endoscopic visualized foraminotomy was performed with the endoscopic diamond bur. (C) In the posterior surface of the cephalad vertebral above the inferior endplate, a diamond bur was used to dig a trench to the cranial direction. (D) and (E) the endoscope with working cannula moved into the trench. The sequestrated nucleus pulposus was removed with endoscopic forceps under direct vision