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Fig. 5 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 5

From: A novel vertebral trench technique (VTT) involving transforaminal endoscopic lumbar foraminotomy (TELF) for very highly up-migrated lumbar disc herniation above L5

Fig. 5

Full-endoscopic visualized foraminotomy. (A) The anatomical landmarks, such as the pedicle, superior articular process (SAP) of the inferior vertebra and disc were identified under excellent endoscopic visualization. (B, C, D) different kinds of instruments can be used to resect the ventral part of SAP of the inferior vertebra to enlarge the foramina. (B) Diamond drill; (C) The guarded endoscopic drill; (D) Ultrasound Bone knife

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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