Table 2 Quality assessment of the included studies
Newcastle–Ottawa assessment scalea | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Author | Study design (level of evidence) | Selection | Comparability | Outcome | ||||||
Representativeness of the exposed cohort | Selection of nonexposed cohort | Ascertainment of exposure | Demonstration that the outcome of interest was not present at the start of study | Controlled for age | Controlled for sex, body mass index, or preoperative KL grade | Assessment of outcome | Sufficiency of follow-up | Adequacy of follow-up | |||
2019 | Lee et al | Comparative study (III) | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | |||
2020 | Ke et al | Comparative study (II) | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ||
2020 | Suh et al | Comparative study (III) | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | |||
2020 | Lee et al | Comparative study (III) | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ★ | ||
Effective Practice and Organization of Care assessmentb | |||||||||||
Year | Author | Study design (level of evidence) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | ||
2019 | Jing et al | Case series (IV) | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | ||
2020 | Kim et al | Case series (IV) | Low | High | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | ||