Table 4 Relative risk of arm pain or complaints as prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) in the unadjusted and fully adjusted Model #5
Exposure of interest and covariates | Categories / Unit | Unadjusted PR (95% CI) for arm pain (Model #1) | Adjusted PR (95% CI) for arm pain (Model #5) |
|---|---|---|---|
Manual handling operations | Often | 2.773 (2.545–3.020) | 1.728 (1.552–1.923) |
Sometimes | 1.501 (1.323–1.703) | 1.162 (1.015–1.330) | |
Rarely | 1.111 (0.956–1.291) | 0.996 (0.855–1.159) | |
Never (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | |
Manual lifting of heavy loads | Often | 1.590 (1.420–1.781) | |
Sometimes | 1.205 (1.063–1.366) | ||
Rarely | 1.063 (0.951–1.190) | ||
Never (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | ||
Overhead work | Often | 1.296 (1.166–1.440) | |
Rarely (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | ||
Cold; heat; wet humidity; draught | Often | 1.657 (1.500–1.830) | |
Sometimes | 1.297 (1.166–1.442) | ||
Rarely | 1.048 (0.925–1.188) | ||
Never (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | ||
Age | Per year | 1.020 (1.016–1.023) | |
Gender | Women / men (ref.) | 1.458 (1.357–1.567) | |
Actual weekly working hours | Per hour | 0.987 (0.981–0.992) | |
Psychosocial workload index (Kroll 2011) [26] | Per index-point | 1.011 (1.008–1.014) |