Table 2 Perioperative and clinical outcomes

Operative time (hours, mean ± SD))

3.9 ± 1.02

4.2 ± 1.05

0.480

Timing of ambulation (days, (mean ± SD)

2.2 ± 1.22

2.0 ± 1.12

0.220

Length of stay (days, (mean ± SD)

7.0 ± 2.23

6.9 ± 1.98

0.588

VAS (mean ± SD)

 Preoperative

5.9 ± 1.4

5.6 ± 0.8

0.181

 Postoperative 1 months

1.4 ± 1.30

1.3 ± 0.97

0.923

 Postoperative 3 months

1.30 ± 1.13

1.2 ± 0.96

0.823

 Postoperative 6 months

1.4 ± 1.12

1.1 ± 0.57

0.259

 Postoperative 12 months

1.2 ± 1.46

1.1 ± 1.18

0.882

ODI (mean ± SD)

 Preoperative

51.0 ± 13.9

48.3 ± 10.6

0.469

 Postoperative 1 month

18.0 ± 4.42

18.8 ± 10.11

0.764

 Postoperative 3 months

14.0 ± 9.40

13.2 ± 6.16

0.777

 Postoperative 6 months

10.3 ± 4.96

10.2 ± 5.35

0.982

 Postoperative 12 months

8.6 ± 4.90

8.2 ± 5.63

0.898