Fig. 2
Experimental protocol of EMS (top) and control (bottom) groups. All participants arrived at the laboratory at 8:00 am after ≥10 h of fasting. We applied EMS to the VL of the right thigh for 30 min. IMCL and EMCL contents in the VL were quantified with 1H-MRS before and immediately after EMS in the EMS group, as well as before and after resting in the control group. Fasting blood samples were also collected before and immediately after EMS in the EMS group, as well as before resting in the control group. EMCL, extramyocellular lipid; EMS, electromyostimulation; 1H-MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy; IMCL, intramyocellular lipid; VL, vastus lateralis