Identification of factors related to behaviors associated with musculoskeletal pain among elementary students

Table 6 Indices of structural model of behaviors related to sitting postures and backpack carrying

Sitting Posture				Backpack carrying
Relationship	Path coefficient	t-value	Effect size (f²)^a	Path coefficient	t-value	Effect size (f²)^a
Perceived susceptibility → Behaviors	0.219	3.08	0.105	0.198	2.26	0.053
Perceived severity → Behaviors	0.166	2.37	0.06	0.025	0.345	0.002
Perceived benefits → Behaviors	0.068	1.02	0.01	0.049	0.602	0.002
Perceived barriers → Behaviors	−0.191	2.48	0.06	−0.258	2.46	0.072
Perceived self-efficacy → Behaviors	0.188	2.40	0.05	0.185	2.11	0.036
Reinforcing factors → Behaviors	−0.019	0.289	0	0.208	2.22	0.055
Enabling factors → Behaviors	0.329	4.71	0.2	−0.056	0.652	0.006
Age → Behaviors	0.043	0.795	0.006	0.068	1.03	0.008
Gender → Behaviors	0.008	0.131	0	−0.014	0.196	0
Scio-economic status → Behaviors	− 0.009	0.160	0	−0.034	0.474	0.002

^af ² = 0.02, 0.15, and 0.35 as small, median, and large size of the effect, respectively

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