Table 10 Comparison of accelerated rehabilitation protocols

Arndt et al. [61]

Shoulder passive ROM and pendulum exercise 1 d postoperatively (3–5 times/wk); active shoulder rehabilitation 6 wk postoperatively; shoulder muscle strengthening 4 mo postoperatively

Cuff et al. [70]

Shoulder passive ROM and pendulum exercise 2 d postoperatively (3 times/ wk and 3 times/d, respectively); active ROM of elbow, wrist, and hand immediately after surgery; aa shoulder exercise 6 wk postoperatively (3 times/wk); rotator cuff strengthening 12 wk postoperatively

De Roo et al. [110]

Shoulder passive ROM and pendulum exercises 1 d postoperatively (3–5 times/wk). Specific capsular glenohumeral exercises and progressively active ROM 5 wk postoperatively. Rotator cuff strengthening 8 wk postoperatively

Düzgün et al. [29, 71]

Shoulder passive ROM 1 wk postoperatively (1 time/d at clinic and 2 times/d at home); active ROM of elbow, hand, and neck 1 wk postoperatively; active shoulder rehabilitation 3 wk postoperatively; rotator cuff strengthening 4 wk postoperatively

Jenssen et al. [73]

Shoulder passive ROM and pendulum exercises 1 d postoperatively; shoulder active ROM 3 wk postoperatively

Keener et al. [63]

Pendulum exercise and active ROM of elbow, wrist, and hand immediately after surgery; shoulder passive ROM 1 wk postoperatively; shoulder active ROM 6 wk postoperatively; shoulder muscle strengthening 3 mo postoperatively; full activity 4 mo postoperatively

Kim et al. [64]

Shoulder passive ROM 2 d postoperatively; shrugging shoulder exercise and active ROM of elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand immediately after surgery; aa shoulder exercise after weaning of immobilizer; shoulder muscle strengthening 9 wk postoperatively; sport activities 6 mo postoperatively

Klintberg et al. [72]

low-level active ROM 2 d postoperatively; active assisted ROM 4 weeks, aquatic training, loading at 6 weeks

Koh et al. [77]

4 weeks of immobilization without passive ROM; shoulder passive ROM with rope, pulley, and cane 4 wk postoperatively; shoulder muscle strengthening 11 wk postoperatively

Lee et al. [67]

Shoulder passive ROM exercise up to tolerable angle 1 d postoperatively (2 times/d by physical therapist and 3 times/d by patient, respectively); shoulder active ROM 6 wk postoperatively; shoulder muscle strengthening 6 wk postoperatively; recreational activities with heavy demands 6 mo postoperatively

Mazzocca et al. [68]

Shoulder active ROM with a cane 2–3 d postoperative

Raschhofer et al. [69]

Shoulder isometric activation (i.e. the dynamic relocation test) 2–6 wk postoperatively; shoulder muscle strengthening 6 wk postoperatively

Sheps et al. [78, 79]

Shoulder passive ROM and pain-free activities only, with the exception of resisted activities, at discharge

Tirefort et al. [80]

Shoulder passive ROM during the first 4 postoperative weeks. Active ROM 4 wk postoperatively; demanding activities and light sports were authorized after 2 months, and a strengthening program was permitted only after 3 postoperative months.