Table 2 Baseline characteristics

Age (Year), Mean (SD)

51 (7.4)

51.24 (7.4)

Sex, Female %

81.7

75.76

Married/ Partner %

78.26

66.25

Employed %

90.68

83.54

Sick Leave due to Back Pain Last six months, Mean (SD)

17.09 (47.55)

19.67 (49.22)

Severely Handicapped ID % *

8

10

Functional Ability (HFAQ) (0–100)

62.28 (20.50)

63.33 (19.95)

Pain Intensity (NRS) (0–100)

59.99 (17.44)

59.59 (16.06)

Physical Composite Scale (SF-12) (0–100)

35.46 (9.03)

36.23 (8.39)

Mental Composite Scale (SF-12) (0–100)

40.32 (12.01)

39.97 (11.92)

Depression (PHQ-D) (0–27)

9.65 (4.66)

10.01 (5.16)

Anxiety (Gad-7) (0–21)

8.64 (4.83)

9.29 (5.02)

Stress (PSS) (0–40)

7.78 (3.20)

7.83 (3.39)

Catastrophising (AEQ) (0–6)

0.77 (1.11)

0.92 (1.15)

Help−/Hopelessness (AEQ) (0–6)

2.45 (1.21)

2.52 (1.22)

Thought Suppression (AEQ) (0–6)

3.64 (0.90)

3.72 (0.94)

Anxiety/Depression (AEQ) (0–6)

2.64 (1.16)

2.77 (1.28)

Positive Mood (AEQ) (0–6)

3.22 (1.24)

3.68 (1.24)

Avoidance of Social Activities (AEQ) (0–6)

1.86 (1.26)

2.07 (1.33)

Avoidance of Physical Activities (AEQ) (0–6)

3.31 (1.02)

3.49 (0.98)

Humour/Distraction (AEQ) (0–6)

3.07 (0.89)

3.01 (1.04)

Pain Persistence Behaviour (AEQ) (0–6)

3.68 (1.24)

3.62 (1.34)

Action-oriented Coping (FESV) (4–24)

14.80 (4.81)

15.02 (4.75)

Cognitive Restructuring (FESV) (4–24)

13.03 (4.58)

13.47 (4.47)

Subjective Coping Competence (FESV) (4–24)

15.45 (4.63)

15.21 (4.41)

Mental Distraction (FESV) (4–24)

10.58 (4.67)

10.39 (4.94)

Counter Activities (FESV) (4–24)

13.21 (4.37)

12.39 (4.44)

Relaxation (FESV) (4–24)

10.77 (4.92)

11.17 (4.66)

Fear-Avoidance (TSK) (0–24)

6.87 (3.26)

7.54 (3.53)

Somatic focus (TSK) (0–15)

6.78 (3.43)

7.17 (3.45)

Basic Physical Activity (FFkA) (hours/week)

2.89 (6.65)

2.44 (4.80)

Physical Activity during Leisure Time (FFkA) (hours/week)

3.22 (4.39)

2.72 (3.27)

Sport Activity (FFkA) (hours/week)

1.69 (2.74)

1.58 (2.64)

Total Physical Activity (FFkA) (hours/week)

7.82 (10.63)

6.73 (7.47)

Cognitive Attitudinal Component (0–8)

5.32 (0.77)

5.28 (0.80)

Emotional Attitudinal Component (0–8)

4.75 (0.81)

4.70 (0.88)

Intention (1–4)

3.30 (0.54)

3.29 (0.50)

Self-efficacy (1–4)

3.20 (0.55)

3.19 (0.60)

Action Planning (1–4)

2.88 (0.74)

2.85 (0.81)

Risk Perception (1–5)

3.23 (0.73)

3.28 (0.76)

Outcome Expectancies (1–4)

2.75 (0.31)

2.74 (0.28)

Outcome Experiences (1–4)

2.73 (0.65)

2.74 (0.80)

Action Control (1–4)

2.49 (0.67)

2.54 (0.78)