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Table 4 Working sitting posture. Presentation of median, minimum and maximum of all measurement parameters for all test persons and for each of the three groups isolated. Chair 1: Sirona CARL (Sib), Chair 2: Salli Saddle chair (Sal), Chair 3: Sirona Hugo Freehand (Sio), Chair 4: Aeris Swopper (Sw), Chair 5: KaVo Physioform 5005 (Kg), Chair 6: KaVo Evo (Kb)

From: Influence of design of dentist’s chairs on body posture for dentists with different working experience

Working posture Chair 1 Sib Chair 2 Sal Chair 3 Sio Chair 4 Sw Chair 5 kg Chair 6 Kb
  Group Median Minimum/
Maximum 		Median Minimum/
Maximum 		Median Minimum/
Maximum 		Median Minimum/
Maximum 		Median Minimum/
Maximum 		Median Minimum/
Maximum
Spine parameter
Trunk length D (mm) ARDL All groups 493.64 472.64/
521.86 		489.99 473.96/
515.21 		491.44 472.31/
519.09 		494.18 471.62/
515.24 		494.10 475.66/
516.83 		496.18 477.57/
522.61
  1 500.69 479.53/
531.92 		500.34 479.81/
527.88 		493.42 476.57/
534.37 		503.29 472.27/
533.11 		497.45 480.71/
537.84 		499.30 481.10/
529.98
  2 498.92 474.13/
525.75 		494.09 474.22/
516.34 		500.35 474.57/
523.64 		495.18 473.98/
526.25 		499.26 481.09/
525.27 		505.04 483.02/
527.36
  3 484.99 466.38/
497.62 		484.53 463.13/
498.67 		481.98 461.52/
500.07 		475.48 460.72/
498.96 		485.25 467.22/
501.82 		484.23 471.88/
505.21
Trunk length S (mm) ARLS All groups 534.98 520.59/
564.10 		534.17 517.75/
556.54 		534.16 518.28/
559.85 		534.87 516.31/
556.82 		539.96 522.18/
564.72 		540.70 523.20/
566.72
  1 534.39 527.93/
576.00 		538.21 523.79/
569.62 		533.36 525.28/
563.23 		534.47 528.41/
561.17 		536.02 526.77/
571.83 		537.43 530.87/
580.78
  2 550.24 526.57/
570.71 		542.72 522.07/
567.11 		545.09 524.71/
568.74 		547.78 523.18/
572.96 		552.60 529.14/
570.18 		559.31 537.20/
568.99
  3 523.20 507.16/
536.38 		520.63 507.70/
537.21 		523.02 510.03/
537.85 		522.89 498.68/
540.82 		526.74 514.09/
541.24 		526.02 514.85/
543.45
Sagittal trunk decline (°) ASRN All groups −16.37 −18.33/
−13.69 		−15.28 −17.40/
−12.66 		−16.25 −18.05/
−13.32 		−16.10 −18.87/
−13.23 		−16.80 − 19.51/
− 15.17 		− 16.67 − 19.72/
− 14.82
  1 − 14.57 − 18.06/
− 12.65 		− 15.37 − 18.55/
− 11.82 		−14.44 − 17.66/
− 11.57 		−14.95 − 17.59/
− 12.06 		− 16.02 − 19.20/
− 11.30 		− 16.56 − 18.83/
− 13.46
  2 −16.70 − 19.78/
− 14.80 		− 14.57 − 16.96/
− 13.00 		− 16.32 − 17.95/
− 14.6 		−16.04 −20.01/
− 14.45 		−16.66 − 18.84/
− 15.28 		−17.75 −20.70/
− 15.23
  3 − 17.45 − 19.38/
− 14.36 		− 16.63 − 17.40/
− 14.25 		−16.33 − 18.94/
− 14.17 		−17.54 − 20.65/
− 13.82 		−18.26 − 20.59/
− 16.01 		− 16.11 − 20.27/
− 14.82
Frontal trunk decline (°) AFRN All groups 0.99 −0.27/
1.71 		0.66 −0.24/
1.69 		0.46 − 0.15/
1.64 		0.75 − 0.25/
1.74 		1.03 − 0.15/
1.81 		0.66 −0.22/
1.91
  1 1.25 0.06/
2.08 		0.75 − 0.03/
1.63 		0.69 −0.03/
1.60 		1.09 −0.22/
1.80 		0.66 −0.26/
2.17 		0.73 0.14/
1.94
  2 1.11 −0.24/
1.59 		0.75 0.16/
1.84 		0.45 −0.05/
1.64 		0.70 −0.19/
1.64 		1.04 0.25/
1.45 		0.03 −0.61/
1.74
  3 0.70 −1.40/
1.33 		0.51 −0.84/
2.04 		0.21 −0.61/
2.09 		0.36 −0.74/
1.75 		1.29 −1.76/
2.42 		0.99 −0.99/
1.83
Axis decline (°) AAA All groups −0.35 −1.86/
0.75 		−0.75 −1.87/
0.71 		− 0.68 −1.75/
0.85 		−0.56 − 1.94/
1.06 		− 0.27 −1.56/
0.97 		0.01 −1.98/
0.94
  1 0.28 −1.64/
1.72 		−0.05 −1.62/
0.88 		−0.04 − 1.17/
1.09 		0.34 − 1.55/
1.52 		0.54 − 1.17/
1.05 		0.19 − 1.82/
1.04
  2 −0.26 −1.58/
0.69 		− 0.77 −2.22/
0.52 		− 0.89 −2.14/
0.70 		−0.93 −1.92/
0.52 		− 0.24 −1.82/
1.35 		−0.19 − 1.84/
1.08
  3 −0.60 − 2.64/
0.48 		− 0.80 − 2.78/
0.59 		− 1.04 − 2.14/
0.54 		− 0.59 − 2.58/
0.38 		−1.10 − 1.74/
0.84 		−0.21 − 2.34/
0.73
Thoracic bending angle (°) ATBW All groups 23.54 19.15/
27.49 		23.44 21.46/
25.96 		22.75 20.12/
26.56 		23.52 20.41/
27.89 		23.62 19.21/
26.88 		23.00 19.69/
26.85
  1 22.88 19.35/
27.28 		22.80 20.83/
25.07 		21.39 19.78/
27.24 		22.26 19.82/
23.72 		22.59 18.45/
25.80 		21.66 19.35/
24.22
  2 21.59 17.84/
25.25 		22.83 19.47/
24.31 		22.51 19.18/
25.02 		23.24 20.46/
25.54 		21.67 18.02/
25.38 		20.93 18.78/
26.05
  3 26.08 21.51/
30.61 		25.92 23.43/
31.69 		25.74 20.88/
30.63 		26.69 21.20/
31.73 		26.88 21.77/
32.70 		26.80 22.63/
33.24
Lumbar bending angle (°) ALBW All groups 7.63 4.93/
10.80 		7.40 4.77/
9.56 		8.00 6.21/
10.50 		7.66 5.14/
10.17 		7.19 5.43/
10.79 		7.25 5.54/
9.28
  1 6.42 4.99/
10.38 		6.49 4.46/
9.33 		7.79 4.76/
9.21 		6.59 3.88/
9.67 		6.97 4.92/
10.21 		6.98 3.83/
9.07
  2 5.50 4.72/
10.62 		6.84 4.10/
11.47 		6.81 6.26/
9.30 		7.70 5.54/
11.88 		6.56 5.82/
10.37 		5.89 5.21/
9.22
  3 8.20 6.54/
10.89 		8.23 6.22/
9.20 		9.44 7.36/
12.86 		8.35 6.15/
12.50 		9.65 5.80/
12.60 		8.15 7.10/
9.68
Standard deviation lateral deviation (mm) ASAS All groups 3.39 2.32/
4.10 		3.20 2.14/
4.78 		3.20 2.37/
5.11 		3.35 2.58/
4.71 		4.10 2.18/
5.12 		3.51 2.29/
5.02
  1 3.58 2.00/
4.00 		2.71 2.29/
4.40 		2.87 2.42/
5.56 		3.30 2.25/
4.65 		3.44 1.98/
5.16 		2.72 2.09/
5.14
  2 3.18 2.32/
3.98 		3.17 2.07/
5.62 		2.83 1.95/
4.61 		3.34 2.70/
4.39 		3.57 2.20/
4.96 		3.43 2.39/
4.95
  3 3.49 2.76/
4.62 		4.38 2.00/
5.39 		4.02 2.98/
5.46 		4.14 2.37/
5.27 		4.75 2.48/
5.21 		4.19 2.95/
5.02
Maximal lateral deviation (mm) AMSA All groups −3.39 −6.10/
5.00 		−3.87 −6.89/
3.16 		−2.86 −7.14/
4.52 		−1.87 −5.39/
4.71 		−3.90 −7.46/
6.01 		−2.88 −6.41/
4.86
  1 −3.25 −4.65/
6.11 		−3.83 −5.05/
4.24 		−2.08 −5.23/
4.95 		− 2.46 −4.97/
4.90 		− 2.52 − 6.45/
6.12 		− 3.20 −4.89/
4.31
  2 −4.15 − 5.82/
4.22 		− 2.64 − 7.75/
2.67 		− 2.32 − 6.71/
2.77 		2.09 − 5.14/
5.47 		− 4.30 − 6.80/
6.76 		0.59 − 6.02/
5.93
  3 − 5.37 − 6.49/
5.00 		− 5.94 − 7.94/
3.31 		−5.10 −8.07/
4.85 		− 4.72 − 7.07/
4.10 		− 6.62 − 7.84/
4.33 		− 5.47 − 6.83/
4.73
Standard deviation rotation (°) ASAR All groups 3.28 2.52/
4.27 		3.48 2.70/
4.33 		3.46 2.26/
5.00 		3.21 2.34/
4.81 		3.26 2.06/
5.05 		3.41 2.56/
4.50
  1 3.24 2.56/
3.90 		3.21 2.35/
4.61 		3.21 1.98/
3.89 		2.96 1.89/
3.76 		2.20 1.80/
4.18 		3.24 2.06/
4.30
  2 2.85 2.44/
4.34 		3.21 2.43/
4.15 		3.35 2.59/
4.88 		3.74 2.33/
4.97 		2.94 2.09/
4.46 		3.33 2.15/
4.34
  3 4.02 2.53/
4.75 		4.10 3.45/
4.57 		4.28 2.26/
6.07 		3.65 2.77/
4.84 		4.31 3.26/
6.67 		4.19 3.16/
5.42
Maximal rotation (°) AMR All groups 4.47 −6.74/
7.52 		5.20 −5.82/
10.14 		5.44 −3.99/
9.06 		4.22 −7.40/
10.32 		5.44 −4.14/
9.10 		5.35 − 3.76/
9.04
  1 5.17 − 7.72/
6.80 		4.16 −5.22/
9.01 		4.70 −3.03/
7.43 		3.16 −6.51/
8.15 		5.64 1.26/
8.21 		6.82 −0.48/
8.37
  2 5.17 −5.46/
7.34 		3.76 −8.68/
8.71 		6.56 3.90/
8.70 		4.67 −5.20/
11.32 		5.04 −6.83/
8.95 		5.14 −5.25/
10.07
  3 4.24 −8.09/
10.77 		6.87 −5.29/
13.42 		5.44 −7.24/
12.46 		4.22 −9.33/
10.23 		5.44 −8.22/
12.13 		3.29 −8.81/
17.16
Kyphosis angle (°) AKW All groups 57.28 49.61/
61.59 		54.08 48.26/
64.04 		59.06 48.68/
67.91 		55.37 48.10/
64.10 		55.87 46.36/
68.15 		55.72 47.39/
66.90
  1 52.56 49.52/
58.24 		53.78 46.57/
56.95 		58.40 48.68/
61.51 		52.68 46.78/
57.01 		52.46 49.02/
57.13 		50.27 46.03/
55.19
  2 49.80 45.77/
56.59 		48.93 42.90/
59.12 		49.97 46.11/
53.80 		49.06 47.37/
54.89 		44.00 40.40/
51.14 		47.44 43.92/
63.78
  3 65.91 58.48/
75.27 		64.81 54.00/
77.89 		65.77 59.06/
72.88 		65.60 59.92/
76.42 		68.43 59.02/
74.67 		66.90 56.33/
74.82
Lordosis angle (°) ALW All groups 27.47 20.16/
34.5 		24.38 21.20/
36.70 		32.27 21.85/
44.79 		28.13 20.98/
33.8 		26.62 16.68/
41.74 		31.33 15.86/
38.29
  1 24.53 19.39/
34.03 		21.58 18.26/
30.33 		32.06 17.90/
45.87 		24.03 16.30/
28.24 		21.71 16.05/
32.94 		24.49 10.93/
35.50
  2 24.08 18.92/
30.44 		24.00 21.97/
31.51 		24.47 20.72/
29.22 		26.11 16.79/
32.48 		24.31 5.30/
40.08 		15.32 12.30/
25.87
  3 32.56 24.63/
48.62 		36.29 21.38/
53.20 		34.92 23.11/
48.20 		33.72 29.69/
41.28 		39.93 23.72/
46.35 		34.99 25.98/
47.00
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

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