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Table 3 Habitual sitting posture. Presentation of median, minimum and maximum of all measurement parameters for all test persons and for each individual group. Chair 1: Sirona CARL (Sib), Chair 2: Salli Saddle chair (Sal), Chair 3: Sirona Hugo Freehand (Sio), Chair 4: Aeris Swopper (Sw), Chair 5: KaVo Physioform 5005 (Kg), Chair 6: KaVo Evo (Kb)

From: Influence of design of dentist’s chairs on body posture for dentists with different working experience

Habitual sitting posture Chair 1 Sib Chair 2 Sal Chair 3 Sio Chair 4 Sw Chair 5 Kg Chair 6 Kb
  Groups Median Minimum/Maximum Median Minimum/Maximum Median Minimum/Maximum Median Minimum/Maximum Median Minimum/Maximum Median Minimum/Maximum
Spine parameter
Trunk length D (mm) SRDL All groups 490.72 470.84/
510.22 		484.29 465.99/
509.74 		488.92 469.79/
511.52 		488.71 467.84/
509.79 		491.82 471.39/
510.73 		491.72 475.72/
517.26
  1 504.60 471.93/
529.19 		499.34 471.90/
523.45 		498.18 472.66/
527.29 		498.62 471.68/
527.41 		498.53 475.03/
532.33 		500.80 474.52/
529.96
  2 493.78 475.17/
518.14 		488.07 468.40/
510.06 		492.53 473.10/
519.12 		493.04 471.69/
518.71 		494.08 474.71/
516.30 		494.23 477.53/
521.79
  3 480.40 461.49/
492.80 		472.09 460.27/
498.38 		482.68 460.86/
494.56 		475.68 457.08/
492.40 		478.35 464.78/
498.93 		487.64 462.86/
505.96
Trunk length S (mm) SRLS All groups 534.73 516.75/
556.13 		528.27 509.47/
548.39 		534.25 515.62/
551.89 		532.97 512.44/
554.46 		535.59 514.34/558.62 540.06 516.90/
560.19
  1 536.02 523.54/
563.12 		534.89 516.89/
557.37 		535.25 527.41/
553.50 		534.19 521.55/
558.79 		538.70 519.85/
565.54 		543.18 524.98/
569.79
  2 548.38 527.26/
562.39 		537.95 525.09/
550.39 		540.41 523.93/
562.94 		546.89 522.63/
562.53 		542.03 526.32/
566.14 		549.69 531.23/
568.25
  3 517.25 505.25/
536.96 		513.81 501.03/
536.55 		515.62 503.23/
538.00 		514.24 501.88/
536.03 		521.89 503.8/
538.63 		520.69 509.13/
545.77
Sagittal trunk decline (°) SSRN All groups −7.03 −8.71/
−5.32 		−5.78 −7.33/
−4.09 		−7.46 −8.93/
−6.12 		−6.62 −8.66/
−4.47 		−7.26 −9.31/
−5.41 		− 7.57 − 8.80/
− 5.25
  1 −6.56 − 7.67/
−3.81 		− 5.82 − 7.27/
− 4.23 		− 7.20 − 8.78/
− 6.20 		− 6.44 − 7.83/
−3.59 		− 6.55 − 8.07/
− 4.36 		− 7.20 −8.42/
− 4.80
  2 − 7.05 − 9.92/
− 5.37 		− 5.78 −7.33/
− 3.71 		− 7.66 −9.25/
− 6.26 		− 7.48 − 8.98/
− 4.16 		− 7.70 −10.41/
− 5.55 		− 7.78 −9.80/
− 4.47
  3 − 7.16 −9.33/
− 5.32 		− 5.52 −7.44/
− 4.43 		− 7.59 −9.36/
− 5.86 		− 6.62 − 8.45/
− 5.38 		− 8.72 − 9.88/
− 5.95 		− 7.77 −9.34/
− 6.00
Frontal trunk decline (°) SFRN All groups 0.73 0.15/
1.36 		0.54 −0.38/
1.59 		0.48 − 0.07/
1.46 		0.96 0.24/
1.50 		0.78 0.14/
1.70 		0.73 −0.04/
1.38
  1 1.26 0.41/
2.05 		0.79 −0.14/
1.68 		0.59 −0.07/
1.92 		1.04 0.26/
1.75 		0.89 −0.08/
2.07 		1.14 0.16/
1.51
  2 0.70 −0.06/
1.41 		0.60 −0.37/
1.59 		0.72 0.11/
1.61 		1.11 0.41/
1.57 		0.64 0.23/
1.64 		0.66 0.12/
1.45
  3 0.30 −0.60/
0.76 		0.33 −0.43/
1.01 		0.25 − 0.33/
1.33 		0.72 −0.36/
1.00 		0.80 − 0.50/
1.49 		0.52 −0.69/
1.31
Axis decline (°) SAA All groups −0.10 − 1.70/
1.15 		− 0.23 −1.98/
0.95 		− 0.45 −1.64/
0.64 		− 0.73 −1.81/
0.87 		− 0.15 −1.38/
1.10 		0.02 − 1.37/
1.34
  1 0.75 −1.09/
2.14 		0.36 − 1.86/
0.99 		0.02 −1.40/
0.77 		− 0.02 −1.31/
0.89 		0.20 −0.96/
1.24 		0.73 − 1.02/
1.63
  2 − 0.07 − 1.68/
0.85 		− 0.96 − 2.14/
1.04 		− 0.41 − 1.00/
0.46 		− 0.78 −1.80/
0.85 		− 0.18 −1.91/
0.98 		− 0.29 −1.55/
1.31
  3 −0.64 − 2.25/
0.24 		− 0.83 −1.98/
0.47 		− 1.01 −2.14/
0.23 		− 1.18 −2.27/
0.78 		− 0.82 − 1.96/
0.84 		− 0.25 −1.58/
0.70
Thoracic bending angle (°) STBW All groups 16.56 12.84/
19.08 		16.83 13.64/
19.20 		18.13 14.64/
20.23 		16.61 13.66/
19.33 		16.16 13.37/
19.89 		17.07 13.23/
19.52
  1 15.81 12.55/
18.27 		16.81 13.72/
18.83 		15.60 13.98/
19.57 		15.79 14.09/
16.87 		15.24 12.83/
17.73 		16.42 12.84/
18.06
  2 13.88 12.55/
18.81 		15.70 13.16/
17.88 		17.47 13.20/
19.97 		16.21 13.02/
17.44 		15.67 12.73/
19.16 		14.80 12.53/
19.22
  3 18.87 14.92/
22.26 		19.10 13.37/
22.05 		19.56 14.69/
23.14 		18.32 13.47/
24.01 		19.14 15.71/
23.26 		19.52 14.46/
23.17
Lumbar bending angle (°) SLBW All groups 7.81 5.67/
10.44 		8.71 6.29/
10.75 		7.48 4.84/
10.69 		6.87 5.00/
10.47 		7.62 4.93/
10.70 		8.60 6.00/
10.77
  1 7.93 5.48/
10.29 		7.99 4.55/
9.10 		6.43 4.22/
8.18 		6.11 3.84/
9.93 		7.09 3.57/
9.36 		8.00 4.47/
11.58
  2 6.93 5.21/
10.09 		8.27 5.38/
10.35 		6.25 4.62/
9.96 		6.16 4.95/
9.47 		6.75 4.44/
8.87 		7.70 5.41/
9.91
  3 9.34 6.08/
13.55 		10.61 8.93/
14.46 		9.75 6.59/
12.52 		9.90 6.43/
13.10 		9.79 6.91/
12.94 		9.39 8.41/
10.77
Standard deviation lateral deviation (mm) SSAS All groups 3.55 2.81/
4.68 		3.84 2.10/
5.89 		3.55 2.40/
5.45 		3.39 2.26/
4.79 		3.31 2.20/
4.91 		3.66 2.34/
5.52
  1 3.71 2.81/
5.07 		3.21 1.97/
6.01 		3.61 2.34/
4.86 		3.26 2.04/
5.27 		3.20 2.01/
5.01 		3.88 2.34/
5.16
  2 3.68 2.73/
4.19 		4.42 2.14/
5.52 		3.60 2.76/
6.07 		3.36 2.19/
3.90 		3.23 2.23/
4.54 		3.65 2.02/
5.49
  3 3.32 2.85/
5.45 		4.43 1.75/
6.34 		3.24 1.94/
5.49 		3.54 2.59/
4.95 		3.43 1.61/
6.19 		3.36 2.57/
5.64
Maximal lateral deviation (mm) SMSA All groups −4.04 −6.20/
4.64 		−3.66 −8.16/
3.75 		− 4.10 − 6.63/
4.32 		−1.80 −5.42/
6.29 		−0.98 − 5.67/
5.93 		−1.76 − 6.22/
5.58
  1 −2.99 − 6.91/
6.59 		− 3.69 − 6.97/
4.14 		− 0.64 − 4.21/
6.74 		0.19 − 5.04/
7.96 		0.37 − 4.22/
6.38 		0.18 −4.14/
7.25
  2 − 3.27 −6.06/
3.06 		0.99 −7.52/
8.34 		− 5.19 −6.78/
0.15 		− 0.13 −5.13/
6.64 		2.82 − 5.40/
6.54 		− 1.08 −7.38/
5.00
  3 −4.63 −6.71/
5.07 		− 6.50 −9.98/
1.60 		− 4.98 −9.91/
2.15 		− 4.67 −7.90/
1.92 		− 4.76 − 11.16/
1.22 		− 4.39 −9.35/
5.58
Standard deviation rotation (°) SSAR All groups 3.01 1.79/
4.66 		2.60 2.02/
4.10 		3.07 2.18/
4.44 		3.04 2.13/
3.82 		2.95 2.12/
4.10 		2.83 2.10/
3.92
  1 3.52 1.79/
4.90 		2.82 2.01/
4.14 		2.71 1.89/
4.36 		2.24 2.02/
3.28 		2.80 1.95/
4.19 		2.88 1.42/
4.42
  2 2.36 1.74/
4.62 		2.31 1.89/
4.21 		3.22 2.65/
4.16 		3.28 2.05/
3.80 		2.99 2.03/
3.71 		2.47 1.75/
3.00
  3 3.33 2.49/
4.47 		2.88 2.28/
3.63 		3.10 2.18/
5.53 		3.05 2.28/
4.65 		3.22 2.43/
5.04 		3.23 2.40/
4.37
Maximal rotation (°) SMR All groups 4.46 −3.70/
7.41 		3.78 −3.99/
7.68 		5.27 −4.10/
7.38 		5.20 − 3.61/
7.16 		5.03 −1.46/
6.99 		5.05 −2.63/
6.48
  1 3.88 − 2.61/
7.78 		5.15 − 3.61/
7.83 		4.33 −4.44/
6.74 		4.10 − 3.37/
5.67 		4.63 − 2.50/
6.19 		2.89 −3.78/
7.13
  2 4.46 −0.83/
6.97 		4.40 − 2.05/
7.50 		6.31 3.70/
7.66 		6.20 3.70/
7.65 		5.89 0.19/
7.36 		5.10 1.54/
5.97
  3 4.73 −5.42/
7.13 		1.52 −5.35/
7.93 		3.44 −4.11/
8.94 		5.26 − 5.69/
8.37 		4.23 − 5.99/
9.59 		5.42 −5.26/
7.05
Kyphosis angle (°) SKW All groups 46.31 37.89/
58.35 		47.73 39.97/
58.83 		46.92 39.38/
57.45 		45.38 38.72/
58.11 		45.00 40.27/
58.15 		47.00 39.24/
59.90
  1 42.75 37.79/
50.69 		43.95 40.26/
50.80 		40.18 36.01/
49.89 		40.07 34.25/
46.14 		41.11 36.79/
49.56 		44.17 38.29/
57.67
  2 45.03 36.76/
59.72 		47.16 38.43/
58.78 		45.86 40.09/
57.92 		44.27 40.44/
55.11 		43.91 41.91/
51.86 		44.16 39.04/
57.73
  3 55.73 41.99/
63.41 		55.18 46.07/
66.83 		57.17 47.35/
64.96 		58.22 47.03/
63.04 		57.75 42.94/
63.37 		55.00 45.11/
63.30
Lordosis angle (°) SLW All groups 24.78 10.20/
31.03 		21.69 10.81/
36.30 		22.04 8.95/
33.25 		20.09 8.11/
31.21 		23.93 12.35/
32.69 		26.06 6.64/
34.28
  1 19.23 4.29/
25.83 		16.82 9.91/
31.75 		15.95 3.44/
23.41 		14.46 −0.29/
19.96 		14.21 2.46/
32.89 		22.38 2.32/
39.80
  2 24.78 9.68/
27.42 		18.64 10.38/
34.39 		23.21 9.18/
35.59 		17.69 7.48/
34.69 		23.36 12.53/
27.91 		23.69 4.67/
33.50
  3 28.02 20.14/
38.52 		32.72 20.73/
44.32 		28.94 15.12/
39.92 		30.46 26.66/
41.80 		27.96 16.61/
36.92 		29.07 8.49/
34.89
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