Table 1 Descriptive characteristics and clinical information for cLBP participants (N = 134)

Demographic characteristics

Mean (SD) or %

Range

Age (years)

45.4 (14.1)

18 to 82

Sex (% female)

56.7%

Race (% African American)

61.2%

 $0–19,999

33.8%

 $20,000 – 34,999

12.5%

 $35,000 – 49,999

13.2%

 $50,000 – 74,999

15.4%

 $75,000 – 99,999

7.4%

 100,000 and Greater

14.0%

Clinical characteristics

Mean (SD) or %

Current opioid prescription (% yes)

39.6%

BMI (weight/height²)

31.1 (7.4)

19.1 to 64.6

Depressive symptoms (CES-D)

17.6 (10.5)

0 to 47

Movement evoked pain (SPPB)

26.4 (27.4)

0 to 100

Physical function (SBBP)

9.5 (1.9)

3 to 12

Pain severity (BPI-SF)

4.7 (2.4)

0 to 9.5

Pain interference (BPI-SF)

3.7 (2.6)

0 to 9.3