|
Component
|
Density (kg/m3)
|
Young’s Modulus
|
Poisson’s Ratio
|
Stiffness (N/mm)
|
Type
|
|---|
|
Cortical bone
|
1830
|
12,000
|
0.29
| |
Solid
|
|
Cancellous bone
|
1000
|
450
|
0.29
| |
Solid
|
|
Endplate
|
1830
|
1000
|
0.4
| |
Solid
|
|
Nucleus
|
1000
|
3.4
|
0.49
| |
Solid
|
|
Annulus fibrosus
|
1200
|
4.2
|
0.4
| |
Solid
|
|
ZK60
|
1835
|
44,660
|
0.305
| |
Solid
|
|
Ti-6Al-4V
|
4429
|
113,800
|
0.339
| |
Solid
|
|
Facet joint
|
1000
|
10
|
0.3
| |
Solid
|
|
Ligament
|
|
ALL
|
1100
|
15
|
0.3
|
16
|
Spring
|
|
PLL
|
1100
|
10
|
0.3
|
25
|
Spring
|
|
CL
|
1100
|
4
|
0.3
|
19
|
Spring
|
|
ISL
|
1100
|
4
|
0.3
|
7
|
Spring
|
|
LF
|
1100
|
5
|
0.3
|
25
|
Spring
|
- ALL Anterior longitudinal ligament, CL Cervical ligament, FL Flaval ligament, ISL Interspinous ligament, PLL Posterior longitudinal ligament
