Fig. 4

In the third stage, a parascapular thoracotomy connected previously anterior and posterior incisions (a). After elevated the scapular, the whole tumor mass was revealed from lateral approach (b). Once the tumor was removed (c), the anterior column between C7 and T6 was reconstructed with a 3D-printed modular vertebral prosthesis (d). Finally, a methylmethacrylate layer sandwiched between 2 pieces of polypropylene mesh was used for the chest wall reconstruction (e)