Efficacy and safety of duloxetine for postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty in centrally sensitized patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Demographic and preoperative clinical characteristics of the patients

Demographics	Placebo group	Duloxetine group	Blank control group
Age (yr)
Gender, n (%)
Male
Female
BMI (kg/m²)
Marital status
Family status
Education level, n (%)
Primary school
High school
Some college
Technical degree/associate’s degree
Bachelor’s degree
Advanced/professional degree (MA, PhD, etc.)
Employment status
ASA status
I
II
III
Preoperative parameters
Duration of OA pain symptoms
Kellgren-Lawrence grade
OA pain-related medication consumption
Smoking consumption
Alcohol consumption
History of drug use
CSI score
VAS score
NRS score
BPI-pain severity score
KOOS score

ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMI Body Mass Index, BPI Brief Pain Inventory, CSI Central Sensitization Inventory, KOOS Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, MA Master of Arts, NRS numeric rating scale, OA Osteoarthritis, VAS visual analogue scale

ISSN: 1471-2474