Task-oriented exercises improve disability of working patients with surgically-treated proximal humeral fractures. A randomized controlled trial with one-year follow-up

Monticone, Marco; Portoghese, Igor; Cazzaniga, Daniele; Liquori, Valentina; Marongiu, Giuseppe; Capone, Antonio; Campagna, Marcello; Zatti, Giovanni

doi:10.1186/s12891-021-04140-9

Table 4 Between-group differences from pre-rehabilitation to primary and secondary endpoints

From: Task-oriented exercises improve disability of working patients with surgically-treated proximal humeral fractures. A randomized controlled trial with one-year follow-up

		Mean difference pre Rehab			Mean difference after 12 weeks			Mean difference at follow up 12 months			F (P-value) time effect		F (P-value) group effect		F (P-value) interaction effect
		M	95% C.I.		M	95% C.I.		M	95% C.I.		F	p	F	p	F	p
DASH	1 vs 2	−0.53	[−7.73; 8.78]	t(270) = − 0.318	−13.13	[4.69; 21.57]	t(270) = − 3.050	− 15.96	[7.26; 24.66]	t(270) = − 3.596	167.11	< 0.001	13.00	< 0.001	3.41	< 0.05
DASH	1 vs 2	−0.53	[−7.73; 8.78]	p = 0.900	−13.13	[4.69; 21.57]	p < 0.01	− 15.96	[7.26; 24.66]	p < 0.001	167.11	< 0.001	13.00	< 0.001	3.41	< 0.05
DASH WORK	1 vs 2	0.71	[−10.87; 9.44]	t(270) = 0.360	− 18.19	[7.80; 28.57]	t(270) = −3.650	−19.74	[9.03; 30.45]	t(270) = − 3.712	220.34	< 0.001	12.51	< 0.001	3.46	< 0.05
DASH WORK	1 vs 2	0.71	[−10.87; 9.44]	p = 0.835	− 18.19	[7.80; 28.57]	p < 0.01	−19.74	[9.03; 30.45]	p < 0.001	220.34	< 0.001	12.51	< 0.001	3.46	< 0.05
NRS	1 vs 2	−0.11	[−0.85; 1.08]	t(270) = −0.233	−2.75	[1.76; 3.73]	t(270) = −5.471	−2.92	[1.90; 3.93]	t(270) = − 5.633	41.22	< 0.001	36.32	< 0.001	9.33	< 0.001
NRS	1 vs 2	−0.11	[−0.85; 1.08]	p = 0.816	−2.75	[1.76; 3.73]	p < 0.001	−2.92	[1.90; 3.93]	p < 0.001	41.22	< 0.001	36.32	< 0.001	9.33	< 0.001
SF-36 Physical functioning	1 vs 2	1.86	[−10.40; 6.68]	t(270) = 0.426	24.31	[−33.04; − 15.58]	t(270) = 5.460	21.78	[−30.78; −12.78]	t(270) = 4.742	77.49	< 0.001	36.9	< 0.001	6.41	< 0.001
SF-36 Physical functioning	1 vs 2	1.86	[−10.40; 6.68]	p = 0.670	24.31	[−33.04; − 15.58]	p < 0.001	21.78	[−30.78; −12.78]	p < 0.001	77.49	< 0.001	36.9	< 0.001	6.41	< 0.001
SF-36 Physical role	1 vs 2	−2.14	[−9.66; 13.94]	t(270) = −0.356	14.57	[−26.64; − 2.51]	t(270) = 2.368	22.40	[−34.85; − 9.96]	t(270) = 3.530	60.68	< 0.001	8.05	< 0.001	3.63	< 0.05
SF-36 Physical role	1 vs 2	−2.14	[−9.66; 13.94]	p = 0.722	14.57	[−26.64; − 2.51]	p < 0.05	22.40	[−34.85; − 9.96]	p < 0.001	60.68	< 0.001	8.05	< 0.001	3.63	< 0.05
SF-36 Bodily pain	1 vs 2	2.00	[−9.39; 5.39]	t(270) = −0.53	18.79	[−26.35; −11.23]	t(270) = 4.872	22.17	[−29.96; −14.37]	t(270) = 5.573	26.23	< 0.001	30.9	< 0.001	8.78	< 0.001
SF-36 Bodily pain	1 vs 2	2.00	[−9.39; 5.39]	p = 0.596	18.79	[−26.35; −11.23]	p < 0.001	22.17	[−29.96; −14.37]	p < 0.001	26.23	< 0.001	30.9	< 0.001	8.78	< 0.001
SF-36 General health	1 vs 2	−2.57	[−3.20; 8.35]	t(270) = −0.873	11.82	[−17.72; −5.92]	t(270) = 3.925	18.89	[− 24.98; −12.91]	t(270) = 6.084	46.48	< 0.001	16.56	< 0.001	12.03	< 0.001
SF-36 General health	1 vs 2	−2.57	[−3.20; 8.35]	p = 0.383	11.82	[−17.72; −5.92]	p < 0.001	18.89	[− 24.98; −12.91]	p < 0.001	46.48			< 0.001	12.03	< 0.001
SF-36 Vitality	1 vs 2	−4.43	[−3.19; 12.04]	t(270) = −1.141	14.76	[−22.54; −6.98]	t(270) = 3.718	26.17	[− 34.19; −18.15]	t(270) = 6.393	62.3	< 0.001	22.27	< 0.001	12.02	< 0.001
SF-36 Vitality	1 vs 2	−4.43	[−3.19; 12.04]	p = 0.255	14.76	[−22.54; −6.98]	p < 0.001	26.17	[− 34.19; −18.15]	p < 0.001	62.3	< 0.001	22.27	< 0.001	12.02	< 0.001
SF-36 Social functioning	1 vs 2	4.64	[−11.85; 2.56]	t(270) = 1.263	10.86	[−18.23; −3.50]	t(270) = 2.891	21.61	[−29.21; −14.02]	t(270) = 5.576	44.1	< 0.001	15.53	< 0.001	7.39	< 0.001
SF-36 Social functioning	1 vs 2	4.64	[−11.85; 2.56]	p = 0.208	10.86	[−18.23; −3.50]	p < 0.01	21.61	[−29.21; −14.02]	p < 0.001	44.1	< 0.001	15.53	< 0.001	7.39	< 0.001
SF-36 Emotional role	1 vs 2	1.90	[−13.11; 9.30]	t(270) = 0.33	34.52	[−45.97; −23.10]	t(270) = 5.908	37.06	[−48.87;- 25.25]	t(270) = 6.150	74.54	< 0.001	33.61	< 0.001	12.31	< 0.001
SF-36 Emotional role	1 vs 2	1.90	[−13.11; 9.30]	p = 0.739	34.52	[−45.97; −23.10]	p < 0.001	37.06	[−48.87;- 25.25]	p < 0.001	74.54	< 0.001	33.61	< 0.001	12.31	< 0.001
SF-36 Mental health	1 vs 2	4.00	[−10.64; 2.64]	t(270) = 1.180	17.99	[−24.78; −11.20]	t(270) = 5.192	17.93	[−24.93; −10.93]	t(270) = 5.019	81.15	< 0.001	35.92	< 0.001	6.56	< 0.001
SF-36 Mental health	1 vs 2	4.00	[−10.64; 2.64]	p = 0.239	17.99	[−24.78; −11.20]	p < 0.001	17.93	[−24.93; −10.93]	p < 0.001	81.15	< 0.001	35.92	< 0.001	6.56	< 0.001

Note: M Mean; SE Standard error; pre Rehab Before rehabilitation; DASH Disability Arm Shoulder Hand questionnaire; NRS Numerical Rating Scale; SF-36 Short Form Health Survey; Group 1 = Experimental (n = 35); group 2 = Control (n = 35)

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