Table 4 Associations between risk factors and 1 year fear-of-falling using multivariable binary logistic regression (high fear, n = 181/low fear, n = 73)
Risk factor | Score | Odds ratio (OR) | OR 95% Confidence Intervals | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male (referent) | 0.21 | 0.07, 0.63 | 0.05 |
Female | ||||
Age | 18–88 | 0.95 | 0.89,1.00 | 0.06 |
Number of swollen joints | 0–28 | 0.99 | 0.86, 1.13 | 0.8 |
Number of tender joints | 0–28 | 0.92 | 0.82,1.03 | 0.1 |
DAS28 Score | 0.1–8.9 | 1.31 | 0.70,2.44 | 0.4 |
Psychotropic medicines | No (referent) | 1.11 | 0.31,4.00 | 0.9 |
Yes | ||||
Four or more types of medicines | No (referent) | 0.81 | 0.26,2.52 | 0.7 |
Yes | ||||
Taking steroids at baseline | No (referent) | 3.60 | 0.82,15.74 | 0.09 |
Yes | ||||
History of stroke or Parkinson’s disease | No (referent) | 1.30 | 0.16,10.47 | 0.8 |
Yes | ||||
VAS pain score | 0–10 | 0.96 | 0.75,1.22 | 0.7 |
VAS fatigue score | 0–10 | 1.19 | 0.96,1.46 | 0.1 |
History of falls in previous 12 months | 0 fall (referent) 1 fall 2 or more falls | 2.44 6.08 | 0.68,8.71 1.19,30.99 | 0.2 0.03 |
Number of joint replacements | 0–6 | 0.83 | 0.23,3.04 | 0.8 |
History of injuries from previous falls | No (referent) | 0.81 | 0.22,2.95 | 0.8 |
Yes | ||||
History of previous surgery | No (referent) | 1.15 | 0.41,3.28 | 0.8 |
Yes | ||||
Painful feet | No (referent) | 0.92 | 0.32,2.64 | 0.8 |
Yes | ||||
HAQ score | 1.00–4.00 | 4.87 | 1.59,14.92 | 0.006 |
Four test balance scalea: | ||||
Semi- tandem stand | 2 | 0.81 | 0.24,2.69 | 0.7 |
Tandem stand | 3 | 1.40 | 0.37,5.40 | 0.6 |
One – leg stand | 4 (referent) | |||
Complaints of feeling dizzy or unsteady | No (referent) | 1.67 | 0.65,4.27 | 0.29 |
Yes | ||||
Time taken for chair stand test | 4–104 s | 1.11 | 1.01, 1.20 | 0.02 |
Baseline fear-of-falling | Low (referent) | 30.05 | 1.42,637.18 | 0.03 |
High | ||||