Table 3 Theory-informed physiotherapy intervention outlining phases targeted by behavioural change techniques

1–2

Adoption

• Goal setting (behaviour and/or outcome)

• Action planning (including implementation intentions)

• Information on health consequences of performing the behaviour

• Information on social and environmental consequences

• Rewards (one of: Material, non-specific, social, self-reward, or outcome

• Review behaviour goals (and/or outcome)

• Feedback on behaviour (and/or outcomes)

• Self-monitoring of behaviour (and/or outcomes of behaviour)

• Social support (unspecified)

• Social support (practical)

• Instruction in how to perform the behaviour

• Modelling/demonstration of behaviour

• Behavioural rehearsal/practice

• Graded Tasks

• Pharmacological Support

• Body changes^a

• Credible source^a

3–4

Routine Formation

• Prompts/cues

• Habit formation

• Generalisation of a target behaviour

• Adding objects to the environment (e.g. objects to facilitate behaviour)

5–6

Maintenance

• Problem Solving

• Behavioural Contract

• Reduce negative emotions

• Restructuring of social environment

• Verbal persuasion about capability

• Social comparison

• Information about others’ approval