Table 2 Univariate analysis of SA+ and SA- groups

Sex

Female

1464

411 (28.1%)

1053 (71.9%)

0.003 *

1.790

1.205

2.724

Male

190

34 (17.9%)

156 (82.1%)

Age (years)

≥80

70

18 (25.7%)

52 (74.3%)

0.891

0.938

0.510

1.652

<80

1584

427 (27.0%)

1157 (73.0%)

BMI (kg/m²)

≥30

93

29 (31.2%)

64 (68.8%)

0.337

1.247

0.764

1.994

<30

1561

416 (26.6%)

1145 (73.4%)

Antibiotic use within 3 years

 +

337

84 (24.9%)

253 (75.1%)

0.372

0.879

0.659

1.165

 -

1317

361 (27.4%)

956 (72.6%)

Corticosteroid use

 +

36

10 (27.8%)

26 (72.2%)

0.852

1.046

0.446

2.264

 -

1618

435 (26.9%)

1183 (73.1%)

Albumin (g/dL)

<3.5

18

6 (33.3%)

12 (66.7%)

0.593

1.363

0.417

3.953

≥3.5

1636

439 (26.8%)

1197 (73.2 %)

GFR (mL/min)

<50

108

30 (27.8%)

78 (72.2%)

0.823

1.048

0.654

1.643

≥50

1546

415 (26.8%)

1131 (73.2%)

Brain disease

 +

54

9 (16.7%)

45 (83.3%)

0.088

0.534

0.228

1.118

 - 

1600

436 (27.3%)

1164 (72.7%)

Thyroid disease

 +

29

11 (37.9%)

18 (62.1%)

0.204

1.676

0.709

3.783

 -

1625

434 (26.7%)

1191 (73.3%)

Cardiac disease

 +

21

9 (42.9%)

12 (57.1%)

0.133

2.058

0.760

5.364

 -

1633

436 (26.7%)

1197 (73.3%)

Pulmonary disease

 +

20

5 (25.0%)

15 (75.0%)

1.000

0.905

0.256

2.638

 -

1634

440 (26.9%)

1194 (73.1%)

Diabetes

 +

109

32 (29.4%)

77 (70.6%)

0.576

1.139

0.718

1.771

 -

1545

413 (26.7%)

1132 (73.3%)

Asthma

 +

55

17 (30.9%)

38 (69.1%)

0.536

1.224

0.641

2.249

 -

1599

428 (26.8%)

1171 (73.2%)

Smoking

 +

76

16 (21.1%)

60 (78.9%)

0.289

0.714

0.380

1.273

 -

1578

429 (27.2%)

1149 (72.8%)

Revision surgery

 +

155

32 (20.6%)

123 (79.4%)

0.071

0.684

0.441

1.036

 -

1499

413 (27.6%)

1086 (72.4%)