Table 1 Characteristics of patients undergoing accurate double percutaneous lumbar foraminoplasty (DPLF) and percutaneous endoscopic lumbar decompression (PELD)
Patient data | |
Age at presentation, yrs | 66.1 ± 7.5a(range, 42–91 years) |
Male gender | 40 (57.9%) |
Occupation | |
 Sedentary | 18 (26.1%) |
 Light work | 30 (43.4%) |
 Heavy manual work | 21 (30.5%) |
 Duration of symptoms, mo | 20.9 ± 5.6a (range, 4–90 months) |
Level of involvement | |
 L3/4 | 0 (0%) |
 L4/5 | 57 (82.6%) |
 L5/S1 | 12 (17.4%) |
Side of LLSC stenosis | |
 left | 39 (56.5%) |
 right | 30 (43.5%) |
Patients with comorbidities | |
 Diabetes mellitus | 27 (39.1%) |
 Smoking | 24 (34.8%) |
 Alcohol consumption | 12 (17.4%) |
 Osteoporosis | 22 (31.8%) |
 Hypertension | 27 (39.1%) |
 Use of antidepressants | 1 (1.4%) |
Physical treatment and medications | |
 Steroid intake | 19 (27.5%) |
 Nerve blocks/epidural blocks | 11 (15.9%) |