Stability | Stadium (Geissler/ EWAS) | Anatomical Correlation | Arthroscopic test |
---|---|---|---|
stable | I | elongation | Microhook cannot be advanced into the joint |
II | rupture of membranous portion of SLL | Microhook can be advanced into the joint but joint is not widened | |
unstable | IIIA | II + rupture of palmar portion of SLL | Joint widens on the palmar side during manipulation with microhook |
IIIB | II + rupture of dorsal portion of SLL | Joint widens on the dorsal side during manipulation with microhook | |
IIIC | II + rupture of palmar and dorsal portion | Joint widens on both palmar side during manipulation with microhook but closes after manipulation | |
IV | IIIC + widening of SL joint | Joint can be passed by arthroscope | |
V | IV + tilting of carpalia | widening of SL joint with pathological plain radiographs |