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Table 2 Arthroscopic classification of stability

From: ACTION trial: a prospective study on diagnostic Accuracy of 4D CT for diagnosing Instable ScaphOlunate DissociatioN

Stability

Stadium (Geissler/ EWAS)

Anatomical Correlation

Arthroscopic test

stable

I

elongation

Microhook cannot be advanced into the joint

II

rupture of membranous portion of SLL

Microhook can be advanced into the joint but joint is not widened

unstable

IIIA

II + rupture of palmar portion of SLL

Joint widens on the palmar side during manipulation with microhook

IIIB

II + rupture of dorsal portion of SLL

Joint widens on the dorsal side during manipulation with microhook

IIIC

II + rupture of palmar and dorsal portion

Joint widens on both palmar side during manipulation with microhook but closes after manipulation

IV

IIIC + widening of SL joint

Joint can be passed by arthroscope

V

IV + tilting of carpalia

widening of SL joint with pathological plain radiographs