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Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the Dutch and US samples

From: Graded response model fit, measurement invariance and (comparative) precision of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS® Upper Extremity V2.0 item bank in patients with upper extremity disorders

 

Dutch sample (n = 521)

US sample (n = 246)

Level 1 center (n = 303)

Level 2 center (n = 218)

Total (n = 521)

Age, mean (SD)

50 (17)

53 (15)

51 (17)

48 (14)

Gender, n (%)

 Male

159 (53)

109 (50)

268 (51)

76 (31)

 Female

144 (47)

109 (50)

253 (49)

170 (69)

Country of birth, n (%)

 Netherlands

276 (91)

161 (65)

437 (86)

 

 Other

27 (9)

44 (20)

71 (14)

 

 Missing

0 (0)

13 (15)

0 (0)

 

Social status, n (%)

 Single

110 (36)

69 (32)

179 (34)

 

 Married/living together

155 (51)

127 (58)

282 (54)

 

 Living apart together

15 (5)

4 (2)

19 (4)

 

 Living with parents

16 (5)

6 (3)

22 (4)

 

 Other

7 (3)

12 (5)

19 (4)

 

Educational level, n (%)

 < high school degree

34 (11)

40 (18)

74 (15)

6 (2)

 High school degree

99 (33)

75 (33)

174 (33)

53 (22)

 Some college

16 (5)

14 (6)

30 (6)

81 (33)

 College degree

122 (40)

72 (33)

194 (37)

80 (32)

 Advanced degree

32 (11)

17 (8)

49 (9)

26 (11)

Employment status, n (%)

 Full time

141 (47)

84 (39)

217 (43)

 

 Part time

55 (18)

40 (18)

93 (18)

 

 Student

20 (7)

5 (2)

25 (5)

 

 Unpaid/volunteer/household

13 (4)

18 (8)

31 (6)

 

 Retired

49 (16)

40 (18)

88 (17)

 

 Unemployed

6 (2)

10 (5)

14 (3)

 

 Other

19 (6)

21 (10)

40 (8)

 

Duration of complaints, n (%)

 < 1 month

135 (45)

22 (10)

157 (30)

 

 1–3 months

39 (13)

22 (10)

61 (12)

 

 3–6 months

42 (14)

30 (14)

72 (14)

 

< 6 months (DIF)

216 (72)

74 (34)

290 (56)

 

 6–12 months

20 (7)

36 (17)

56 (11)

 

 1–2 years

8 (3)

46 (21)

54 (10)

 

 2–5 years

2 (1)

31 (14)

33 (6)

 

 5 years

1 (0)

31 (14)

32 (6)

 

≥ 6 months (DIF)

31 (11)

144 (66)

175 (33)

 

 Unknown/missing

56 (19)

0 (0)

56 (11)

 

Location of paina, n (%)

 Shoulder(s)

137 (45)

190 (87)

318 (63)

 

 Arm(s)

125 (41)

142 (65)

259 (51)

 

Shoulder/arm (DIF)b

132 (44)

136 (62)

268 (80)

 

 Hand(s)

105 (35)

59 (27)

161 (32)

 

 Finger(s)

64 (21)

49 (22)

112 (22)

 

Hand/wrist (DIF)b

62 (21)

7 (3)

69 (20)

 

DF-PROMIS-UE v2.0, mean (SD) T-scores

34.7 (3.6)

33.4 (9.1)

33.9 (8.9)

36.5 (7.0)

DASH, mean (SD) T-scores

35.6 (22.1)

36.5 (21.0)

35.9 (21.6)

 

QuickDASH, mean (SD) T-scores

36.8 (22.1)

38.1 (21.8)

37.3 (22.0)

 

MHQ-ADL, mean (SD) T-scores

61.4 (31.0)

74.5 (25.6)

66.7 (29.6)

 
  1. Abbreviations in alphabetic order: DASH Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand, DF-PROMIS-UE v2.0 Dutch-Flemish translated version of the PROMIS Upper Extremity v2.0 item bank, DIF Differential item functioning, MHQ-ADL Michigan Hand Questionnaire-Activities of Daily Living subscale, n Number, SD Standard deviation, % Percentage
  2. aMultiple answers were allowed, bFor the DIF analysis regarding location of complaints only patients who reported either pain in shoulder/arm or hand/wrist were included