Table 3 The association between L4-S1 disk protrusion and lifetime cumulative lifting load in female participants
Lifetime cumulative lifting load (Newton-hr) | n | Disk protrusion at lower disk level (L45-S1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
AOR | ||||
Only lift load above 4000 N was included | Low | 0 | 254 | 1 |
Intermediate | 0~ < 2.0 × 106 | 24 | 0.7 (0.2–1.9) | |
High | >  2.0 × 106 | 23 | 2.6* (1.0–6.2) | |
Only lift load above 3400 N was included | Low | 0 | 206 | 1 |
Intermediate | 0~ < 2.5 × 106 | 47 | 1.6 (0.7–3.4) | |
High | >  2.5 × 106 | 48 | 1.9 (0.9–3.9) | |
Only lift load above 2800 N was included | Low | 0 | 142 | 1 |
Intermediate | 0~ <  1.8 × 106 | 79 | 1.9 (0.9–3.7) | |
High | >  1.8 × 106 | 80 | 2.7** (1.4–5.4) | |
lift load above 0 N was included | Low | < 1.26 × 105 | 99 | 1 |
Intermediate | 1.26 × 105 ~ < 5.6 × 106 | 101 | 2.0 (1.0–4.1) | |
High | >  5.6 × 106 | 101 | 2.3* (1.1–4.8) | |