Inclusion Criteria (n = 33) | |
 • Refractory LBP displaying discogenic degenerative changes via MRI | |
 • Positive concordant or partial concordant pain on discography and demonstrated internal disc disruption via CT scan (1, 2, or 3-level disc pathology accepted) | |
 • ≥ 50% disc height maintained at level(s) of treatment | |
 • No responsiveness to conservative therapy | |
 • Subjective findings of chronic LBP suggestive of discogenic etiology | |
 • Patients treated between Apr 2010 – Apr 2015 | |
 • Patients desiring to be treated with concentrated autologous bone marrow aspirate at the level(s) of treatment | |
Exclusion Criteria | |
 • LBP caused by any other etiologies (facet pain, stenosis, etc.) | |
 • < 50% disc height maintained at level(s) of treatment | |
 • Full-thickness tears | |
 • Patients who underwent any additional therapies during the follow up period |