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Table 3 Measurement of the short external rotators

From: Modified osteotomy of posterolateral overhanging part of the trochanter via posterior approach for hip arthroplasty: an anatomical study

Muscle

Muscle length (cm)

Muscle width (cm)

Tendon length (cm)

Tendon width (cm)

Tendon thickness (cm)

Covered part (cm)

Piriformis

7.29 ± 0.19

2.69 ± 1.12

2.28 ± 0.13

0.30 ± 0.06a

0.30 ± 0.06b

 

Obturator externus

3.75 ± 0.59

2.14 ± 0.21

4.67 ± 0.35

0.74 ± 0.18

0.41 ± 0.11

1.13 ± 0.27

Gemellus superior

3.91 ± 0.47

0.72 ± 0.16

2.46 ± 0.28

0.81 ± 0.25

0.43 ± 0.09

1.16 ± 0.29

Obturator internus

10.12 ± 0.63

2.16 ± 0.21

4.13 ± 0.33

0.81 ± 0.25

0.43 ± 0.09

1.16 ± 0.29

Gemellus inferior

4.22 ± 0.35

0.69 ± 0.18

0.75 ± 0.11

0.81 ± 0.25

0.43 ± 0.09

1.16 ± 0.29

Quadratus femoris

5.16 ± 0.18

3.12 ± 0.34

    
  1. The conjoined tendon includes the gemellus superior, obturator internus, and gemellus inferior. aThe width of the tendon of the piriformis versus [vs.] that of the obturator externus or conjoined tendon, p < 0.001; obturator externus vs. conjoined tendon, p = 0.724. bThe thickness of the tendon of the piriformis vs. that of the conjoined tendon, p < 0.001; obturator externus vs. conjoined tendon, p = 0.325. All values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. Differences are considered significant at p < 0.05