Table 2 Anatomic and positional parameters
Parameters | Control (n = 84) Mean ± SD | LDD (n = 54) Mean ± SD | p value | Total (n = 138) Mean ± SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PI standing(°) | 43.7 ± 10.3 | 46.9 ± 11.4 | 0.08 | 45.0 ± 10.8 |
PI change(°) | −1.4 ± 3.2 | −1.0 ± 3.5 | 0.44 | −1.3 ± 3.3 |
PT standing (°) | 4.7 ± 8.0 | 9.2 ± 9.0 | 0.003 | 6.5 ± 8.7 |
PT change(°) | 32.5 ± 15.3 | 23.4 ± 14.2 | 0.001 | 28.9 ± 15.7 |
SVA standing (mm) | 22.1 ± 31.9 | 51.1 ± 51.0 | < 0.001 | 33.5 ± 42.7 |
LL standing (°) | 51.0 ± 9.7 | 46.3 ± 11.9 | 0.01 | 49.2 ± 10.8 |
LL change (Lumbar spine flexion) (°) | 36.5 ± 15.6 | 20.6 ± 13.1 | < 0.001 | 30.3 ± 16.6 |
SS standing(°) | 38.6 ± 8.7 | 38.1 ± 9.0 | 0.78 | 38.4 ± 8.8 |
SS change(°) | 30.5 ± 15.5 | 22.6 ± 14.2 | 0.03 | 27.4 ± 15.4 |
L1 slope standing(°) | 12.9 ± 6.0 | 10.7 ± 6.7 | 0.04 | 12.1 ± 6.4 |
L1 slope change(°) | 7.0 ± 9.0 | 1.1 ± 7.4 | < 0.001 | 4.7 ± 8.9 |
Femur slope standing(°) | 87.3 ± 4.2 | 85.7 ± 5.4 | 0.06 | 86.7 ± 4.8 |
Femur slope change(°) | 86.6 ± 5.6 | 85.5 ± 6.5 | 0.30 | 86.2 ± 6.0 |
Hip flexion(°) | 55.4 ± 19.2 | 62.3 ± 17.4 | 0.03 | 58.1 ± 18.8 |
Total spinofemoral flexion(°) | 93.7 ± 10.4 | 86.5 ± 10.3 | < 0.001 | 90.9 ± 10.9 |
Spine/Hip ratio | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 | 0.6 ± 0.5 |