Skip to main content

Table 1 Patient demographics and clinical details

From: Comparative analysis of clinical factors associated with pedicle screw pull‐out during or immediately after surgery between intraoperative cone‐beam computed tomography and postoperative computed tomography

Variable

N = 76

Patients with pedicle screw pullout

26 (34.2)

Age, years

69.2 ± 14.4

Sex

 Male

47 (61.8)

 Female

29 (38.2)

Body mass index

22.0 ± 3.4

Operating time, min

174.3 ± 85.7

Estimated blood loss, mL

225.3 ± 245.8

Disease

 Injury

55 (72.4)

 Metastasis

15 (19.7)

 Spondylitis

6 (7.9)

 Segments fused, n

4.8 ± 1.2

Surgical procedure

 PPS

57 (75.0)

 Open

19 (25.0)

Use of a hook system

6 (7.9)

Preoperative complications

 DISH

28 (36.8)

 Osteoporosis

33 (43.4)

 Rheumatoid arthritis

2 (2.6)

 Diabetes

16 (21.1)

 Asthma

6 (7.9)

 Requirement for dialysis

3 (3.9)

Smoking

12 (15.8)

Type of rod

 Titanium

60 (78.9)

 Cobalt chrome

16 (21.1)

Screw designs

 Mixed thread

15 (19.7)

 Dual thread

61 (80.3)

Degree of sagittal alignment between the UIV and LIV (kyphotic angle)

 Intraoperative CBCT, deg

6.2 ± 23.5

 Postoperative CT, deg

5.8 ± 23.5

Alignment change in the sagittal plane from CBCT to CT, deg

2.1 ± 1.5

Screw density, screws/level

1.69 ± 0.23

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as number (%). CBCT cone-beam computed tomography, CT computed tomography, DISH diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, LIV lower instrumented vertebra, PPS percutaneous pedicle screw, UIV upper instrumented vertebra