Musculoskeletal pathology as an early warning sign of systemic amyloidosis: a systematic review of amyloid deposition and orthopedic surgery

Table 4 The incidence of TTR and immunoglobulin light-chain amyloid from tissue samples removed during common orthopedic operations

	Total Patients	Male/Female (when specified)	Patients with Orthopedic Biopsy	TTR + Biopsy	Ig Light-Chain + Biopsy	% of patients with TTR or light-chain+ Biopsy
All Studies	3606	1625/1956	2183	410	8	19.1%
CTS with Biopsy	1753	520/1071	1753	241	7	14.1%
LSS with Biopsy^a	157	81/40	157	64	0	40.8%
Hip and Knee OA with Biopsy	382	82/294	382	97	1	25.7%

CTS carpal tunnel syndrome, Ig immunoglobulin, LSS lumbar spinal stenosis, % percentage, + positive, OA osteoarthritis
^aExcludes Gies et al. study due to the authors not differentiating lumbar spinal stenosis patients from lumbar disc herniation patients

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