Table 3 Summary of key data and findings of assessed studies

Akasaki et al. [35]

36

16/20

60.8

knee OA

cartilage

Young normal cartilage: 0% amyloid deposits, 0% TTR detected; Aged normal cartilage: 58% amyloid deposits, 83% TTR detected; OA cartilage: 100% amyloid deposits, 100% TTR detected

aus dem Siepen et al. [36]

466

373/93

63.7

CTS and LSS

none

Latency between CTR and diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis was significantly longer in ATTRwt compared to ATTRm (117 ± 179 months vs 66 ± 73 months; p=0.02)

Bishop et al. [15]

82

55/27

70.5

CTS

none

CTS associated with a longer delay in diagnosis (OR: 2.13; 95% CI 1.49–3.03) in 82 patients with AL or ATTR cardiomyopathy

Fernandez Fuertes et al. [37]

147

31/116

58

CTS

TCL, FTS

29 of 147 (19.7%) of patients undergoing CTR had amyloid positive biopsies; 4 patients later developed systemic amyloidosis

Geller et al. [38]

151

137/14

74.7

Distal biceps rupture

none

33.3% [95% CI, 24.7–42.9%] of 111 patients with ATTRwt cardiomyopathy had ruptured distal biceps tendon on exam

Gies et al. [39]

100

60/40

NS

LSS

LF

12 of 100 specimens from LSS and LDH patients contained amyloid; 5 contained very strong TTR presence

Gioeva et al. [14]

1020

351/669

61.8

CTS

TCL

98 biopsies contained TTR amyloid;

70 of 81 patients with DNA sequencing had wildtype TTR gene

Gu et al. [23]

36

16/20

66.4

knee OA

knee synovium

9 of 36 knee OA patients had amyloid positive biopsies;

8 contained TTR amyloid and 1 contained light-chain amyloid

Kyle et al. [40]

35

23/12

71

CTS

TCL, FTS

33 of 35 had TTR amyloid; 2 developed systemic amyloidosis

Nakamichi et al. [41]

108

5/103

56

CTS

TCL, FTS

10 of 108 patients had amyloid deposits, 6 contained TTR amyloid

Niggemeyer et al. [42]

50

14/36

68.4

Hip OA

synovium, cartilage

17 of 50 consecutive patients had amyloid deposits, all contained TTR amyloid

Rubin et al. [27]

313

234/79

66.6

knee and hip OA, rotator cuff

none

THA and TKA significantly more common among ATTR patients with cardiomyopathy (THA: RR 5.61, 95% CI 2.25–4.64; TKA: RR 3.32, 95% CI 2.25–4.64)

Samões et al. [43]

16

3/13

46.1

CTS

TCL

In 16 patients with known ATTRm, 15 patients had CTS that preceded amyloidosis and 14 had amyloid positive biopsies

Scott et al. [44]

35

16/19

72

recurrent CTS

FTS

9 of 35 patients (26%) with recurrent CTS had an amyloid positive biopsy, 7 of which contained TTR

Sekijima et al. [18]

132

40/92

71.8

CTS

FTS

34 of 100 patients with idiopathic CTS had TTR amyloid deposits versus 7 of 32 autopsy controls (OR, 15.8; 95% CI, 3.3–75.7)

Sperry et al. [45]

98

51/47

68.5

CTS

FTS

10 of 98 patients undergoing CTR had an amyloid positive biopsy (7 TTR, 2 light chain); 3 diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis

Stein et al. [46]

108

NS

NS

CTS

TCL

Amyloid deposits were found in 23 of 108 (21%) patients with idiopathic CTS; TTR was identified in 14 of these 23 patients

Sueyoshi et al. [13]

111

56/55

62

CTS, LSS, rotator cuff

FTS, LF, RCT

39 of 111 specimens contained TTR amyloid deposits

Takanashi et al. [25]

232

31/201

73

knee OA

synovium

21 of 232 knee OA patients (9%) had TTR amyloid deposits

Uchihara et al. [47]

25

NS

NS

NS

periarticular F&A

3 of 25 specimens contained TTR amyloid

Westermark et al. [20]

26

13/13

66.5

LSS

LF, bone fragments

21 of 26 specimens contained amyloid deposits; 5 of 15 specimens suitable for immunohistochemistry contained TTR amyloid

Yanagisawa et al. [21]

95

68/27

70.7

LSS

LF

All 95 LF specimens resected from LSS patients contained amyloid deposits; 43 contained TTR amyloid

Yanagisawa et al. [26]

52

17/35

66.6

knee OA

periarticular knee

TTR amyloid deposits were found in specimens from: 18 of 51 menisci, 8 of 27 articular cartilage, and 6 of 34 synovium

Zegri-Reiriz et al. [48]

101

32/69

69

CTS

none, myocardial

Prevalence of cardiac amyloidosis in the cohort was 1.2% (3/233) and 5.5% (3/55) for patients with LVH and bilateral CTS