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Table 3 Associations between the depressive symptoms, measured with the modified Finnish version of the nine item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9-mFIN), with the Physical and Mental components and their summary scores (0–100) of health-related quality of life (RAND-36 Health Survey)

From: Reliability and construct validity of the modified Finnish version of the 9-item patient health questionnaire and its associations within the biopsychosocial framework among female health-care workers with sub-acute or recurrent low back pain

PHQ-9-mFINa

Physical functioning

Role funct. Physical

Bodily pain

General health

Physical summary

Role funct. Emotional

Vitality

Mental Health

Social functioning

Mental summary

N = 210b

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

Total:

85.5 (13.5)

74.0 (32.5)

63.0 (19.0)

69.0 (16.5)

72.9 (15.4)

83.3 (28.5)

62.9 (18.8)

76.9 (14.6)

83.6 (19.1)

76.6 (16.8)

By levelb: ANOVA

 0–4 (n = 60)

90.3 (9.9)3

76.9 (29.6)

64.5 (18.2)

78.8 (14.0)2,3

77.6 (13.2)3

94.4 (13.7)3

75.4 (13.7)2,3

87.7 (7.0)2,3

92.3 (11.3)3

87.5 (9.0)2,3

 5–9 (n = 92)

85.7 (12.5)3

74.2 (32.6)

63.1 (18.6)

68.8 (14.6)1,3

73.0 (14.5)

85.5 (25.3)3

65.1 (14.3)1,3

77.9 (10.4)1,3

86.4 (15.9)3

78.7 (11.6)1,3

  ≥ 10 (n = 58)

80.1 (16.2)1,2

70.7 (35.4)

61.3 (20.5)

59.1 (16.0)1,2

67.8 (17.6)1

68.4 (35.6)1,2

46.3 (17.8)1,2

64.1 (16.2)1,2

70.3 (22.9)1,2

62.3 (19.9)1,2

p-value:

< 0.001

0.58

0.68

< 0.001

0.002

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. acategories of depressive symptoms: 0–4 as None; 5–9 as Mild; ≥10 as at least Moderate
  2. bmissing = 9 (4.1%)
  3. 1denotes statistically significant (p < 0.05, sidak-adjusted) difference between category and none (0–4) of depressive symptoms
  4. 2denotes statistically significant (p < 0.05, sidak-adjusted) difference between category and mild (5–9) of depressive symptoms
  5. 3denotes statistically significant (p < 0.05, sidak-adjusted) difference between category and at least moderate (≥10) of depressive symptoms