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Table 1 Study design

From: Effect of thermal therapy and exercises on acute low back pain: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial

  

Study period

Enrolment

Baseline

1-week intervention

Post-intervention

Time point

A0

A1

I

A2

A3

A4

A5

ENROLMENT:

Initial screening

      

Eligibility assessment

      

Informed consent

      

Treatment allocation

 

     

INTERVENTIONS:

Thermal therapy

  

    

Thermal therapy + exercises

  

    

Control

  

    

ASSESSMENTS:

Baseline demographic information

 

     

Physical functioning (ODI)

 

 

Pain (NRS)

 

 

Pain-related fear (TSK-11)

 

 

Self-efficacy (CDSES −6)

 

 

Perception of change (GRoC)

   

Number of steps walked per day

  

(daily)

    
  1. A0: first contact with participants; A1: baseline assessment; I: 7-day intervention; A2: assessment 1 week after baseline; A3: assessment 4 weeks after baseline; A4: assessment 12 weeks after baseline; A5: assessment 24 weeks after baseline; ODI: ODI-French Canadian Version; NRS: pain numerical rating scale; TSK: 11-item version of Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia; CDSES − 6: Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale - Short-Version and GRoC: global rating of change