Fig. 2

Risk stratification rates across points in the workflow (a. front desk staff, b. rooming staff, and c. clinicians) across the 33 primary care clinics participating in the TARGET Trial at the UPMC site. Note: ‘n’ is the number of patients identified as having low back pain at the indicated point in the workflow (i.e., the denominator of the rate). The dashed line represents the overall rate. Solid black bars represent clinics in the intervention group (n = 17) and patterned bars represent clinics in the control group (n = 16)