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Table 2 The details of surgery and follow-up outcomes of nineteen cases

From: Intramedullary reaming and irrigation and antibiotic-loaded calcium sulfate implantation for the treatment of infection after intramedullary nailing: a retrospective study of 19 cases

Case No.

Microbiology

Description of surgery

Time for normalization of infection markers

Follow-up (months)

Recurrence

Outcome

1

MRSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF

2 weeks

36

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

2

E. coli

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

4 weeks

24

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

3

CoNS +E. coli

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

8 weeks

38

No

Mild pain with movement, FWB mobilisation

4

–

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

4 weeks

37

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

5

MSSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

3 weeks

27

No

Mild pain and movement limitation

on

right ankle

6

MRSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

2 weeks

26

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

7

CoNS

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF

5 weeks

41

Yes, 3 months after the first surgery

Segmental resection and bone transport

8

Ent. Cloacae

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

2 weeks

46

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

9

–

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

4 weeks

25

No

Refracture four months after first surgery, followed by EF fixation

10

CoNS

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

2 weeks

33

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

11

MSSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF

3 weeks

52

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

12

CoNS

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

3 weeks

41

No

Mild pain with movement, FWB mobilisation

13

MSSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

2 weeks

38

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

14

MSSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF

2 weeks

40

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

15

MSSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

3 weeks

30

No

Mild pain with movement, FWB mobilisation

16

MRSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF

2 weeks

55

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

17

E.coli+MRSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS

2 weeks

44

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

18

CoNS

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

6 weeks

37

No

Mild pain with movement, FWB mobilisation

19

CoNS+MRSA

IM nail removal+Debridement+CS + EF+

Bone transport

6 weeks

54

No

Pain free, FWB

mobilisation

  1. CoNS coagulase-negative staphylococcus, E. coli Escherichia coli, Ent. Cloacae Enterobacter cloacae, MRSA methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MSSA methicillinsensitive Staphylococcus aureus
  2. CS, calcium sulfate; EF, external fixator; IM, intramedullary
  3. CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC, white blood cells FWB, full weight bearing