Utilization of epinephrine-soaked gauzes to address bleeding from osteotomy sites in non-tourniquet total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study

Table 5 Incidences of hemodynamic instabilities after application of the epinephrine

	Epinephrine group^a (N = 51)
Systolic BP > 190 mmHg or mean BP > 140 mmHg	0 (0.0%)
Systolic BP > 140 mmHg or mean BP > 110 mmHg	6 (11.8%)
Systolic BP increase of 20% from baseline	4 (7.8%)
Systolic BP < 90 mmHg or mean BP < 60 mmHg	7 (13.7%)
Tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats per minute)	1 (2.0%)

^aThe values are given as the number of patients, with the percentage in parentheses. BP Blood pressure

ISSN: 1471-2474