Fig. 1
From: Straighter low lumbar curvature in isthmic spondylolisthesis at L4
Measuring method of parameters of lateral X-ray film. a Measuring method of SR: SR = a/b*100%. (a: distance between the vertical line of superior endplate of the lower vertebra through posterior end of inferior endplate of upper vertebra and the vertical line of superior endplate of the lower vertebra through posterior end of superior endplate of lower vertebra. b: length of superior endplate of lower vertebra.) b Measuring method of PI, PT, SS, and LL. c Measuring method of LLL, LSA, and L5 I