Table 6 WOMAC-Index and associated patients’ characteristics and clinical conditions: multivariable generalised estimating equation models

Intercept

31.45

20.71,42.18

< 0.001

32.70

11.44,53.95

0.003

30.19

19.50,40.87

< 0.001

Time (3-months after surgery)

−19.66

−31.77,-7.55

0.002

−10.48

−37.13,16.17

0.441

−20.65

−32.82,-8.49

0.001

Age ≥ 65 years

−3.94

−9.71,1.84

0.181

−1.69

− 13.80,10.43

0.785

−4.46

−11.10,2.17

0.188

Time*Age ≥ 65 years

4.23

− 2.87,11.34

0.243

4.43

−8.65,17.51

0.507

3.46

−4.87,11.79

0.416

Female sex

10.18

4.48,15.89

0.001

6.12

−5.56,17.80

0.304

12.67

6.15,19.19

< 0.001

Time*Female sex

−4.74

−11.10,1.63

0.145

− 1.66

− 15.31,11.99

0.811

−7.73

− 14.59,-0.87

0.027

Low education

3.65

−1.65,8.95

0.177

12.28

1.41,23.14

0.027

0.12

−5.85,6.09

0.969

Time*Low education

3.88

−2.99,10.74

0.269

−2.92

−15.18,9.35

0.641

7.47

0.09,14.84

0.047

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²

4.58

−0.41,9.58

0.072

7.95

−2.66,18.56

0.142

5.70

0.13,11.27

0.045

Time*BMI ≥30 kg/m²

−5.97

−11.78,-0.16

0.044

−13.46

−25.23,-1.69

0.025

−6.44

−13.08,0.21

0.058

Depressive symptoms

11.47

5.03,17.92

0.001

11.90

−0.78,24.59

0.066

11.01

4.45,17.58

0.001

Time*Depressive symptoms

−2.69

−9.85,4.48

0.463

−3.57

−17.73,10.59

0.621

−3.66

−11.65,4.33

0.370

Cognitive impairment

−3.02

−10.51,4.47

0.429

−3.52

−21.32,14.27

0.698

−3.90

−12.73,4.93

0.387

Time*Cognitive impairment

−7.64

−15.42,0.13

0.054

−18.53

−42.57,5.50

0.131

−3.78

− 12.21,4.65

0.380

Comorbidity ≥ 4 diseases

−1.69

−7.15,3.76

0.543

−0.66

−12.25,10.94

0.912

−0.34

−6.43,5.76

0.914

Time*Comorbidity ≥4 diseases

−2.77

−9.56,4.01

0.423

− 9.64

−22.00,2.73

0.127

−2.69

−10.52,5.13

0.500

Current smoker

−2.40

−10.67,5.87

0.569

−22.79

−44.47,-1.11

0.039

1.58

−5.61,8.77

0.666

Time*Current smoker

−2.29

−11.62,7.04

0.630

25.41

9.20,41.61

0.002

−7.55

−16.24,1.14

0.089

Current alcohol user

−2.19

−8.02,3.64

0.462

−6.98

−18.46,4.50

0.233

−2.62

−8.41,3.16

0.374

Time*Current alcohol user

5.09

−2.28,12.47

0.176

6.69

−9.03,22.41

0.404

6.28

−1.18,13.75

0.099

TKA surgery

9.86

4.51,15.22

< 0.001

9.71

−2.02,21.44

0.105

11.11

5.60,16.63

< 0.001

Time*TKA surgery

−6.33

−12.82,0.17

0.056

−8.20

−21.54,5.15

0.229

−7.03

−14.11,0.04

0.052