Table 2 Acute and 12-week outcomes by pre-surgical opioid use status
|  | Non-opioid N = 439 max | Opioid user N = 82 max | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Oral morphine equivalent dose, mean | |||
 log | 3.81 | 4.19 | <  0.001 |
 Daily, mg | 53.2 (36) | 87.2 (81.2) | <  0.001 |
 Total, mg | 227 (174) | 406 (329) | <  0.001 |
LOS, days, mean (SD) | 4.7 (2.4) | 5.1 (2.8) | 0.218 |
Referral to inpatient rehabilitation, n (%) | 36 (8.2) | 12 (14.8) | 0.059 |
Acute complications, n (%) | 80 (18.2) | 23 (28.1) | 0.040 |
 Major joint | 9 (2.1) | 1 (1.2) | 1.000 |
 Minor joint | 35 (8.0) | 10 (12.2) | 0.210 |
 Major non-joint | 11 (2.5) | 4 (4.9) | 0.240 |
 Minor non-joint | 35 (8.0) | 13 (15.9) | 0.024 |
Cost of investigations, $ | |||
 median (IQR) | 156.55 (143) | 189.80 (230) | 0.003 |
 mean (SD) | 232.62 (260) | 316.81 (329) | 0.033 |
Complications or readmissions to 12 weeks, n (%) | 167 (38.0) | 35 (42.7) | 0.428 |
(Readmissions) | (31 (7.1)) | (9 (11.0)) | Â |
Oxford score 12 weeks, n (%) in lower quartilea | 96 (25.7) | 18 (26.1) | 0.950 |
Oxford scorec, mean (SD), 12 weeksa | 37.4 (7.4) | 36.1 (7.4) | 0.182 |
EQVAS 12 weeks, n (%) in lower quartileb | 92 (25.1) | 23 (33.8) | 0.130 |
EQVASd mean (SD) 12 weeksb | 75.2 (17.6) | 71.6 (18.8) | 0.133 |
Ongoing opioids at 12 -weeks, any reason, n (%) (for index joint joint) | 39 (9.2) (32) (82.0) | 27 (33.8) (17) (63.0) | <  0.001 |