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Fig. 1 | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Fig. 1

From: Percutaneous endoscopic-assisted direct repair of pars defect without general anesthesia could be a satisfying treatment alternative for young patient with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis: a technique note with case series

Fig. 1

The surgery was performed under local anesthesia supplemented with epidural anesthesia (a); An 18-G spinal needle was inserted and navigated toward the defected pars under image intensifier (b, c); A working channel was placed properly (d); The scar and sclerosis were cleaned by using the forceps and bur carefully (e, f)

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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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