Fig. 2
From: Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Overview of spine levels at which LM is measured in all studies (Total), in studies of moderate to high quality referring to deep LM (Deep), in studies referring to superficial LM (Superficial), and in studies referring to deep and superficial LM (Deep & Superficial). Deep muscles lie closer to bone or internal organs, and superficial muscles are close to the surface of the skin