Association between sarcopenia and levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the elderly

Table 2 Comparison of demographic and basic clinical characteristics between the sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group

Parameters	Sarcopenia group	Non-sarcopenia group	P
Parameters	n = 420	n = 2856	P
Male/female	258/162	2067/789	0.001
Age	77.71 ± 8.437	71.26 ± 7.529	< 0.001
BMI	21.125 ± 2.313	24.855 ± 2.841	< 0.001
Smoking history	13 (3.2%)	327 (11.4%)	0.002
Drinking history	13 (3.1%)	232 (8.15)	0.004
Number of diseases ≥3	81 (19.3%)	129 (4.5%)	< 0.001
Low protein diet	81 (19.3)	534 (18.6)	0.343
Exercise habit (No)	121 (28.8%)	267 (9.3%)	< 0.001
PBF (%)	27.127 ± 7.160	26.593 ± 7.296	0.639
BMC (kg)	2.331 ± 0.306	2.932 ± 0.407	< 0.001
AMC (cm)	22.279 ± 1.469	26.005 ± 4.678	< 0.001
VFA (cm²)	72.854 ± 23.907	86.745 ± 31.215	0.004
BMR (kcal)	1248.85 ± 127.699	1503.08 ± 156.320	< 0.001
BCM (kg)	26.069 ± 3.803	33.903 ± 4.796	< 0.001
FFM of Left Arm (kg)	1.957 ± 0.409	2.888 ± 0.895	< 0.001
FFM of Right Arm (kg)	2.007 ± 0.439	2.952 ± 1.026	< 0.001
FFM of Right Leg (kg)	6.358 ± 1.278	8.360 ± 1.357	< 0.001
FFM of Left Leg (kg)	6.313 ± 1.274	8.290 ± 1.319	< 0.001
ASMI (kg/m²)	6.17 ± 0.721	7.75 ± 1.087	< 0.001
Grip strength (kg)	22.358 ± 6.773	29.411 ± 8.116	< 0.001
Hb (g/L)	135.23 ± 11.08	137.70 ± 12.69	0.338
ALB (g/L)	42.68 ± 2.13	43.17 ± 1.82	0.248
BUN (mmol/L)	5.49 ± 1.53	5.86 ± 1.61	0.269
Cr (μmol/L)	73.57 ± 15.38	76.89 ± 17.36	0.347
LDL (mmol/L)	3.11 ± 0.78	3.24 ± 0.81	0.407
HDL (mmol/L)	1.38 ± 0.31	1.31 ± 0.33	0.201

History of the disease included diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebral infarction, and others. A low-protein diet referred to a diet mainly contained carbohydrates and vegetables. No exercise habit meant no physical activity or exercise time < 1 h/week
Abbreviation: BMI body mass index, PBF percentage of body fat, VFA viscera fat area, AMC arm muscle circumference, BMR basal metabolic rate, BMC bone mineral content, BCM body cell mass, Hb hemoglobin, TC total cholesterol, TG triacylglycerol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALB serum albumin, BUN urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, ASMI appendicular skeletal muscle mass, FFM fat-free mass

ISSN: 1471-2474