Author (Year) | Subjects Controls | Material Biomarker | FMS Subjects | P value for diff |
---|---|---|---|---|
Malatji (2017) [24] | 18 FMS11 FC10 MC41 YC | UrineNMR metabolome | Compared to YC ↑ hippuric acid ↑ succinic acid ↑ lactic acid ↑ 2-Hydroxyisobutyric acid | p = 0.0966(ns) p = 0.0001 (MW) p = 0.0044 p = 0.0001 |
Malatji (2019) [25] | 17 FMS11 FC10 MC41 YC | UrineGC-MS metabolome | ↑ 14 metabolites c.f. MC↑ 4-hydroxyisobutyric acid c.f. MC & YC ↑ arabinose c.f. MC | All < 0.001 (MW & BF) p = 0.00109 |
Minerbi (2019) [27] | 77 FMS11 FC20 HM48 UC | Serum Metabolites | Compared to UC: ↑serum butyrate ↓serum propionic acid ↓isobutyric acid | p = 0.005p = 0.006 p = 0.056 (ns) |
Clos-Garcia (2019) [26] | 105 FMS54 HC | Serum Metabolome | ↓ gadC, glnA, glsA2, gadB1, gadB2↑ lysine, ornithine ↑threonine, homoserine, glutamine, and argininea | p < 0.05 p < 0.05 p < 0.001 |