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Table 4 Results from 4 studies Investigating Gastrointestinal Microbiota Taxa and Antibodies

From: Determining the association between fibromyalgia, the gut microbiome and its biomarkers: A systematic review

Author (Year)

Patients

Controls

Material & Procedure

Results

p-value

Other

Michalsen (2005) [18]

21 FMS

9 RA

Faeces

Culture

No differences

n.s

pre- vs post-fasting

14 FMS

7 RA

Faeces

Culture

No differences

n.s

pre- vs post-MedDiet

Goebel (2008) [19]

33 FMS17 CRPS 57 HC

Serum antibodies

YersiniaorCampylobacter

FMS 27% positive

CRPS 13%

HC Not tested

NR

Trend for seropositivity assoc. with IP (Table 4)

Minerbi (2019) [27]

77 FMS

11 FC

20 HM

48 UC

Faeces

16S rRNA gene

(V5-V6 region) / metagenome

↓ Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides, ↑ Intestinimonas, Flavonifractor, Butyricoccus Eisenbergiella and Enterobacter.

< 0.01

Non-significant differences in sample diversity

Variance FMS vs UC

Clos-Garcia (2019) [26]

105 FMS

54 HC

Faeces

16S rDNA microbiome(V3–V4 region)

FMS: Absent families: Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacteroidales↑ Dorea, Roseburia, Alistipes, Papillibacter, Subdoligranulum↓ Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Clostridium

All p ≤ 0.05

Controls had higher diversity

  1. Key: n.s. not statistically significant; NR not reported; FMS Fibromyalgia; RA rheumatoid arthritis; HC healthy controls; CRPS chronic regional pain syndrome; IP intestinal permeability; FC family controls; HM household members; UC unrelated controls.