Table 2 Characteristics of 11 papers investigating biomarkers related to the gastrointestinal microbiome in subjects with fibromyalgia
Author (Year) | Country | Cohort | Study Type | FMS criteria | Controls n, Type | Biomarker/s | Quality Assessment % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (% female) | Age | |||||||
Pimentel (2004) [17] | USA | 42 (86) | 46.6 ± 0.3 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 22 IBS | SIBO | 53.1 |
Michalsen (2005) [18] | Germany | 35 (91) | 52.0 ± 10.0 51.6 ± 13.3a | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 16 RA | Stool culture Stool pH sIgA | 56.3 |
Goebel (2008) [19] | Germany | 40c (80) | 48 ± 11 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 57 HC 17 CRPS | H. pyloriBacteria (serum antibodies)Intestinal permeability | 75.0 |
Akkaya (2011) [20] | Turkey | 65 (100) | 36.21 ± 7.42 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 41 HC | H. pylori | 75.0 |
Olama (2013) [21] | Egypt | 100 (100) | 33.2 ± 4.36 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 100 HC | H. pylori | 81.3 |
Rodrigo (2013) [22] | Spain | 104 (89) | 50 ± 8b | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 125 IBS | H. pylori | 75.0 |
Gezici (2014) [23] | Turkey | 32 (88) | 38.5 ± 8.6 | Prospective | ACR 1990 | – | H. pylori | 43.8 |
Malatji (2017) [24] | South Africa | 18 (100) | 45.5 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 11 FC 10 MC 41 YC | Metabolomics | 75.0 |
Malatji (2019) [25] | South Africa | 17 (100) | 45.5 (ns) | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 11 FC 10 MC 41 YC | Metabolomics | 75.0 |
Clos-Garcia (2019) [26] | Spain | 105 (70) | 52.52 ± 10.3 | Case-control | ACR 1990 | 54 HC | Microbiome Metabolomics | 81.3 |
Minerbi (2019) [27] | Canada | 77 (100) | 46 ± 8 | Case-control | ACR 2016 | 11 FC 20 HM 48 UC | Microbiome Metabolites | 87.5 |