- Pre- and post-treatment data sets were used to assess the responsiveness. P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. ES was obtained by dividing the mean change scores by the standard deviation of the scores at pre-treatment. SRM was obtained by dividing the mean change of scores by the SD of that change. Patients who scored their change “very much improved” or “much improved” were categorized into the major change group and the others into the minor change group. The J-FIHOA showed the largest ES and SRM among all questionnaires, except for NRS pain. The major change group had a larger ES and SRM on the J-FIHOA than the minor change group. ES: effect size, SRM: standardized response mean
