Fig. 5

Caspase-3/7 activity and immunocytochemistry for caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activity. a Caspase-3/7 activity was significantly higher in 100 μM Ald group, as compared with control and the other studied groups (p < 0.001). *** represents the p vlaues that are less than 0.001. b Cleaved caspase-3 expression (red) was higher in 100 μM Ald group than in control and the other studied groups in the immunocytochemistry study. c Caspase-8 expression (red) in 100 μM Ald group was higher than in control and the other studied groups. d Caspase-9 expression (red) in 100 μM Ald group was higher than in control and the other studied groups